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REGISTER 



OF" THE 



SOCIKTY OV TIIH CINC^INNA'II 



C)I" MARYLAND 



BROUGHT DOWN TO FEBRUARY 22nd, 1897 








V- c 



s 




BALTIMORE 

PUBLISHED BY ORDER OF THE SOCIETY 

1897 



■ I 



COPYRIGHT, 1897, 

BY THE 

SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI OF MARYLAND. 

By tr»na«*»' 

JAN 15 li^i. 



PRESS OF A. HOEN & CO., 
BALTIUOBE, MD. 



PREFACE. 



Sim-e the Society of the Cinciuiiati of Marj'land was organ- 
ized at Annapolis, on November 21st, 1783, Resolutions author- 
izing the publication of the transactions and list of members 
appear on the Minutes of July 4th. 1810 ; July 4th, 1840 : July 
4th, 1846; October 19th. 1868; February 22d. 1881; and on 
February 22d, 1892, when, on motion of Professor Daves, it was 

'• Resolved, that the President appoint a Committee of three 
to collect material for a history of tlie Maryland State Society 
of the Cincinnati, and to edit it in pamphlet form for distri- 
bution among the members. That this book shall contain a list 
of all the members of the Society, and a statement of their 
title by inheritance." 

Committee on Publication. 

Prof. Edward Graham Daves. Chairman. 
Hon. William Benning Webb, 
Wilson Cary McHenry. Esq. 

At the meeting of February 22d, 1894, it was reported that 
all the material for the Register had been collected. 

On August 1st, 1894, Professor Daves died in Boston, wliere 
he was at work on the liistorical sketch of the " Society of 
the Cincinnati,'" whicli, though evidently not c(mipleted, the 
Committee deemed best to publish as it was found. By the 
death of Professor Daves the Committee sustained a severe loss. 

Mr. Webb succeeded Professor Daves as Chairman on Feb- 
ruary 22d, 189.5. lion. Oswald Tilghman and Jolin C. Daves, 
Esq., were appointed to fill the vacancies, Mr. McHenry liaving 
resigned. 



IV PREFACE. 

February 22d, 1896, the Coiiiniittee reported that the Reg- 
ister was prepared to go to print. 

Another severe loss to the Committee was the death of 
its Chairman, Mr. Webb, on March 13th, 1896, in Washington. 
The meeting of February 22d, 1897, empowered the Com- 
mittee to have the book published, and it was 

■' Resolved, that the Register sliall consist of an Introduc- 
tion, Annals of the Maryland State Society, Lists of Officers and 
Members from 1783 to date." 

Oswald Tilghman, 
John C. Daves, 

Committee on Publication. 
Baltimore, Aiyril. 1897. 



CONTENTS. 



HISTORICAL SKETCH OF THE SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI, 1 

OFFICERS OF THE GENERAL SOCIETY MAY 15, 180t), 28 

ANNALS OF THE CINCINXATI OF MAKYLAXP, 29 

OFFICERS OF THE MARYLAND SOCIETY FEBKLAKV 22. 1897, 82 

ORIGINAL AND HEREDITARY MEMBERS, 83 

HONORARY MEMBERS, 103 

PRESENT MEMBERS, 104 

OFFICERS OF THE MARYLAND SOCIETY FROM 1783 TO 1897, 105 

OFFICERS OF THE GENERAL SOCIETY FROM 1783 TO 1896, 108 

MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY OF CINCINNATI IN FRANCE. 110 




THE SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI 



One hundred and twelve years ago the Continental Line of 
the Army of the Revolution \v;is in oantunnient on the banks of 
the Hudson. It was that critical period in the history of our 
country which intervened between the cessation of hostilities 
and the founding of a new government. Friendships formed 
between the officers during the long struggle had grown into 
warm attachments amidst common dangers, privations and suf- 
ferings. The desire to perpetuate these associations, and to 
transmit them to coming generations, was the sentiment wliich 
gave birth to the Society of the Cincinnati, and no organization 
owes its origin to nobler purposes or more interesting circum- 
stances. 

Judge Marshall, in his "'Life of Washington,"' speaks thus 
of the feelings which prompted the formation of the Associ- 
ation : — 

"Of the sentiments with which the officers of the American 
army contemplated a final separation from each other, those 
only can be incapable of forming an idea, who are strangers to 
the choicest feelings of the human heart. Companions in 
virtuous suffering, in danger, and in glory : attached to each 
other by common exertions made in a severe struggle for the 
attainment of a common object ; to part forever they deemed a 
calamity too affecting to be supported. The means of perpetu- 
ating those friendships which had been formed, and of renew- 
ing that endearing social intercoiirse which had taken jjlace in 
camp, were universally desired ; some expedient which might 
preserve the memory of the army, while it cheered the officers 
who were on the jjoint of separating, with the hope that the 
separation would not be eternal ; that at distant intervals they 
might still communicate with each other ; that the bonds by 
which they were connected could not be totally dissolved ; and 
that for many beneticial purposes the patriots of the American 
army would still form one great Society." 

The officers of the Line therefore determined to create a 
permanent Military Order, which should perpetuate and 



2 THE SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI. 

strengthen the ties formed in the service, and provide a fund 
wherewith to pension indigent children of the members of the 
Association. 

Who first conceived the plan is uncertain, but it was proba- 
bly Gen. Henry Knox, though the idea may have been origi- 
nally suggested to him by Baron von Steuben. John Adams 
sarcastically called the institution a French blessing, and it is 
■possible that the presence of the many foreign officers, wearing 
the decoration of the military order of St. Louis, may have 
given birth to the desire for a similar distinction. 

That Knox, however, had long cherished some such idea 
is proved by a paragraph bearing date of 16th March, 1788, in 
Jefferson's "Memorandum of a tour in Holland," which refers 
to a meeting at a tavern in New York as early as 1776 of Wash- 
ington, Knox, Lee and Adams : — 

"They talked of ancient history ; of Fabius who used to 
raise the Romans from the dust ; and Knox said he should wish 
for some ribbon to wear in his hat or in his button-hole, to be 
transmitted to his descendants as a badge and proof that he had 
fought in defence of their liberties. He spoke of it in such 
precise terms as showed he had revolved it in his mind before. 
Baron Steuben did not arrive in America till above a year after 
that." 

A rough draft of the proposed organization in the hand- 
writing of Gen. Knox, dated West Point, 15th April, 1783, still 
exists, endorsed by him as a "Rough draft of a Society to be 
formed by the American officers and to be called 'The Cincin- 
nati'." This was presented to a meeting of officers called for 
that purpose on May 10th, and was referred to a committee 
consisting of Generals Knox, Hand, Huntingdon and Captain 
Shaw. Their revision of it was finally accepted on 13th May, 
1783, at a general meeting of officers representing all the regi- 
ments, which was presided over by Gen. von Steuben, and was 
held at his headquarters in the Verplanck House, near Fishkill. 

It is as follows : — 

INSTITUTION. 

" It having pleased the Supreme Governor of the Universe, in the disposition of 
human aflairs, to cause the separation of the colonies of North America from the 
domination of Great Britain, and, after a bloody conflict of eight years, to establish 



THE SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI. 3 

them free, independent, and sovereign States, connected, by alliances founded on 
reciprocal advantage, with some of tlie greatest princes and powers of the earth. 

"To perpetuate, therefore, as well the remembrance of this vast event, as the 
mutual friendships which have been formed under the pressure of common danger, 
and, in many instances, cemented by the blood of the parties, the officers of the 
American Army do, hereby, in the most solemn manner, associate, constitute and com- 
bine themselves into one Socicty of Friends, to endure as long as they shall endure, 
or any of their eldest male posterity, and, in failure thereof, the collateral branches who 
may be judged worthy of becoming its supporters and members. 

"The officers of the American Army having generally been taken from the citizens 
of America, possess high veneration for the character of that illustrious Roman, Lucius 
Qui.NTius CiNCix.NATus ; and being resolved to follow his example, by returning to 
their citizenship, they think they may with propriety denominate themselves 

THE SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI. 

"The following principles shall be immutable and form the basis of The Society of 
the Cincinnati: 

" An ince&sant attention to preserve inviolate those exalted rights and liberties of 
human nature for which they have fought and bled, and without which the high 
rank of a rational being is a curse instead of a blessing. 

"An imalterable determination to promote and cherish, between the respective 
States, that union and national honor so essentially necessary to their happiness, and 
the future dignity of the American empire. 

"To render periDanent the cordial affection subsisting among the officers. This 
spirit will dictate brotherly kindness in all things, and particularly, extend to the most 
substantial acts of beneficence, according to the ability of the Society, towards those 
officers and their families who unfortunately may be under the neces.«ity of receiving it. 

"The General Society will, for the sake of frequent communications, be divided 
into State Societies, and these again into such districts as shall be directed by the State 
Society. 

"The Societies of the districts to meet as often as shall be agi-eed upon by the State 
Society, those of the States on the fourth day of July annually, or oftener, if they shall 
find it expedient, and the General Society on the first Monday in May, annually, so 
long as they shall deem it necessary, and afterwards, at least once in every three years. 

"At each meeting, the principles of the Institution will be fully considered, and 
the best measures to promote them adopted. 

"The State Societies will consist of all the members resident in each State respec- 
tively; and any member removing fi'om one State to another, is to be considered, in 
all respects, as belonging to the Society of the State in which he shall actually reside. 

"The State Societies to have a Pre.'^itlent, \'ice-President, Secretary, Treasurer, and 
.Assistant Treasurer, to be chosen annually, by a majority of votes, at the State meeting. 

"Each State meeting shall write annually, or oftener, if necessary, a circular letter, 
to the other State Societies, noting whatever they may think worthy of observation, 
respecting the good of the Society, or the general union of the States, and giving 
mformation of the officers chosen for the current year. Copies of these letters shall be 
regularly transmitted to the Secretary-General of the Society, who will record them in 
a book to be assigned for that purpose. 

" The State Society mil regulate everything respecting itself and the Societies of its 
districts consistent with the general maxims of the Cincinnati, judge of the qualifica- 
tions of the members who may be proposed, and expel any member who, by a conduct 



4 THE SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI. 

inconsistent withi a gentleman and a man of honor, or by an opposition to the interests 
of the community in general, or the Society in particular, may render himself unworthy 
to continue a member. 

"In order to form funds which may be respectable, and assist the unfortunate, 
each officer shall deliver to the Treasurer of the State Society one month's pay, which 
shall remain forever to the use of tlie State Society ; the interest only of which, if neces- 
sary, to be appropriated to the relief of the unfortunate. 

"Donations may be made by persons not of the Society, and by membere of the 
Society, for the express purpose of forming permanent funds for the use of the State 
Society, and the interests of these donations appropriated in the same manner as that 
of the month's pay. 

" Moneys, at the pleasure of each member, may be subscribed in the Societies of 
the districts, or the State Societies, for the relief of the unfortunate members, or their 
widows and orphans, to l>e appropriated by the State Society only. 

" The meeting of the General Society shall consist of its officers and a representation 
from each State Society, in number not exceedhig five, whose expenses shall be borne 
by their respective State Societies. 

" In the general meeting, the President, Vice-President, Secretary, Assistant 
Secretary, Treasurer, and Assistant Treasurer-General, shall be chosen, to serve until 
the next meeting. 

" The circular' letters which have been wTitten by the raspective State Societies to 
each other, and their particular laws, shall be read and considered, and all measures 
concerted which may conduce to the general intendment of the Society. 

"It is probable that some persons may make donations to the General Society, for 
the purpose of establishing funds for tire further comfort of the unfortunate, in which 
case such donations must be placed in the hands of the Treasurer-General, the interest 
only of which to be disposed of, if necessary, by the general meeting. 

" All the officers of the American army, as well those who have resigned with 
honor, after three years' service in the capacity of officer?, or who have been deranged 
by the resolutions of Congress, ujjon the several reforms of the army, as those who 
shall have continued to the end of the war, have the right to become parties to this 
Institution ; provided that they subscribe one month's pa}', and sign their names to tlie 
general rules, in their respective State Societies, those who are present with tlie Ar'my 
immeeliately, and others within six months after the Army shall be disbanded, extra- 
ordinary cases excepted ; the rank, time of service, resolutions of Congress by which 
any have been deranged, and place of residence, must be added to each name; and as a 
testimony of affection to the memory and the offspring of such officers as have died in 
the service, their eldest male branches shall have the same right of becoming members, 
as the children of the actual members of the Society. 

"Those officers who are foreigners, not resident in any of the States, will have their 
names enrolled by the Secretary-General, and are to be considered as membere in the 
Societies of any of the States in which they may happen to be. 

"And as there are, and will at all times be, men in the re.spective States, eminent 
for their abilities and patriotism, whose views may be directed to the same laudable 
objects with those of the Cincinnati, it shall be a rule to admit such characters as 
Honorary Members of the Society, for their own Uves only : Provided always, that 
the number of Honorary Members, in each State, does not exceed a ratio of one to 
four of the officers or their descendants. 

"Each State Society shall obtain a list of it.« members, and at the first annual 
meeting, the State Secretary shall have engrossed, on parchment, two copies of the 
Institution of the Society, which every member present shall sign, and the Secretary 



THE SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI. 

ehall eiiileavor to procure the si-fiiature of every absent member ; one of those lists to 
be transmitteil to the Secretary-General, to be kept in the archives of the Society, and 
the other to remain in the hands of the State Secretary. From the State lists, the 
Secretary-Cieneral must make out, at the tirst s<eneral meeting, a complete list of the 
whole Society, with a cojiy of which he will furnish each State Secretary. 

"The Society shall have an Order, by which its members shall be known and 
distinguished, which shall be a medal of gold, of a proper size to receive the emblems, 
and suspended by a deep blue ribbon, two inches wide, edged with white, descriptive of 
the union of France and America, viz.: 

'* The principal figure 

C I N C I N N A T U S, 

Three Senators presenting him with a sword and other military ensigns ; on a Held 

in the back-ground, his wife standing at the door of their Cottage : 

near it a plough and instruments of husbandry. 

Round the whole. 
OMNIA KELIQUIT SERVAKE REMPUBLICAM. 

Oh the reveme. 

Sun rising ; a city with open gates, and vessels entering the port. 
Fame crowning Cincinnatos with a wreath inscribed, 

VIRTUTIS PREMIUM. 

Below. 
Hands joined, supporting a heart, with the motto. 

ESTO PERPETUA. 

Hound the whole. 

SOCIETAS CINCINNATOKUM INSTITUTA. 

A. D. 1783." 

The .Society, deeply impres.seil with a sense of the generous assistance this country 
has received from France, and desirous of perpetuating the fiiendships which have 
been formed, and so happily subsisted, between the officers of the alUed forces, in the 
prosecution of the war, direct, that the President-General transmit, as soon as may be, 
to each of the characters hereafter named, a medal containing the Order of the Society, 
viz.: 

His Excellency the Chevaliek de l.\. Luzek.s'k, .Minister Plenipotentiary, 
His Excellency the Siei'R Ger.^rd, late Minister Plenipotentiary. 
Their Excellencies 

The Count U' EsT.\iNe, 

The Count de Gkasse, 

The Count de Barras, 

The Chevalier de Touches, 

.\duiirals and Commandei's in the Navy, 



6 THE SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI. 

His Excellency the Count de Rochambeau, Commander-in-Chief, 

And the Generals and Colonels of his army, and acquaint them, that the Society 

does itself the honor to consider them members. 

Resolved, That a copy of the aforegoing Institution be given to the senior ofKcer of 

each State line, and that the officers of the respective State lines, sign their names to the 

same, in manner and form following, viz. : 

" We, the subscribers, officersof the American army, do hereby voluntarily become 
parties to the foregoing Institution, and do bind ourselves to ob.?erve, and be governed 
by, the principles therein contained. For the performance whereof we do solemnly 
pledge to each other our sacred honor. 

" Done in the Cantonment, on Hudson's River, in the year 1783." 
That the members of the Society, at the time of subscribing their names to the 
Institution, do also sign a draft on the Paymaster-General, in the following terms (the 
regiments to do it regimentally, and the generals and other officers not belonging to 
regiments, each for himself, individually), viz. : 

"Jo John Pierce, Esquire, Paynuister- General to the Army of the United Slates. 

Sir.- Please pay to Treasurer for the State Association of the Cin- 
cinnati, or his order, one month's pay of our several grades respectively, and deduct 
the same from the balance which shall be found due to us on the final liquidation of 
our accounts; for which this shall be your warrant." 

That the members of the several State Societies assemble as soon as may be, for the 
choice of their President and other officers ; and that the Pi-esidents correspond 
together, and appoint a meeting of the officers who may be chosen for each State, in 
order to pursue such further measures as may be judged necessary. 

That the General officers, and the officers delegated to represent the several corps 
of the Army, subscribe to the Institution of the General Society, for themselves and 
theu' constituents, in the manner and form before prescribed. 

That General Heath, General Baron de Steuben, and General Knox, be a 
committee to wait on his Excellency the Commander-in-Chief, with a copy of the 
Institution, and request him to honor the Society by placing his name at the head of it. 

That Major-General He.\th, second in command in this Army, be, and he hereby 
is, desired to transmit copies of the Institution, with the proceedings thereon, to the com- 
manding officer of the Southern Army, the senior officer in each State, from Pennsyl- 
vania to Georgia, inclusive, and to the commanding officer of the Rhode Island line, 
requesting them to communicate tlie same to the officers under their several commands, 
and to take such measm-es as may appear to them necessary for expediting the estab- 
lishment of their State Societies, and sending a delegation to represent them in the first 
general meeting, to be holden on the first ilonday in May, 1784. 

The meeting then adjourned without day. 

Major L' Enfant, of the Continental Coi'ijs of Engineers, 
to whom the design for the decoration was referred, objected 
to a medal as an unsuitable emblem for a military order, and 
suggested instead the Bald Eagle, as peculiar to America, and 
distinguished from that of other climes by its white head and 
tail. The eagle is of gold, displayed supporting on its breast 
the medallion. G-rasped in its talons are golden olive branches, 
with leaves of green enamel, and above its head is an olive 



THE SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI. 7 

wreath to which is attached the bhie and white ribbon emble- 
matic of the union of France and America. The head and tail 
are enamelled in white, the body and wings are of gold, and 
the medallion is enamelled in green and blue. This beautiful 
design was accepted, and is the decoration now worn by all the 
members of the Society. The officers of the French Navy who 
had served in the Revolutionary War, presented to General 
Washington the Cincinnati eagle richly set in diamonds, which 
has been handed down to successive Presidents-General, and is 
now in the possession of the executors of the late Hon. Hamilton 
Fish of New York. 

It is a curious fact, not generally known, that a chance 
might have caused the Cincinnati colours to be adopted as the 
national colours of France. When Camille Desmoulins haran- 
gued the populace in the garden of the Palais Royal on the 
memorable 12th of July, 1789, he proposed the adoption by the 
revolutionists of an emblematic ribbon. "Shall it be green," 
he said, "the symbol coloi;r of hope? Or shall it be blue, the 
colour of the Cincinnati and of American Independence f 
The significance of the former colour swayed the multitude to 
its selection, but when it was remembered that the liveries of 
the Count of Artois were green, this was changed for the red 
and blue of the City of Paris. These, however, were also the 
coloiars of the Duke of Orleans, and therefore to them were 
added, at Lafayette's suggestion, the white of the old national 
standard, thus making the famous tricolor of the flag of France. 

In the early days of the Society, the ribbon and eagle of the 
Cincinnati were frequently worn by the members, and many of 
the portraits of the founders of the Association are painted with 
the decoration on their breasts. At the first general meeting 
a discussion arose as to when the badge should be worn. No 
definite action was taken on the question, but the usage recom- 
mended was that which has since prevailed, not to weai.' the 
emblem on all occasions, but to reserve it for meetings of the 
Society or when attending the funeral of deceased members. 

The general Society was formally organized at the meeting 
held in the Cantonment on the 19th of June, 1783, when the 
eagle was adopted as the emblem of the Order, a diploma on 
parchment was ordered to be given to each member, and General 



8 THE SOCIETY OF THE CrNCINNATI. 

Washington was elected President-Geueral, Gen. McDougall 
Treasurer-General, and Gen. Knox Secretary-Genei'al. 

In the course of the year all of the thirteen State Societies 
were formed. 

But no sooner was the new Order established than it became 
the object of fiercest attacks from all quarters. In our genera- 
tion, when the Society of the Cincinnati is so limited in numbers, 
and so entirely devoid of any political significance that the 
mere fact of its existence is unknown to the great majority of 
Americans, it is difiicult to understand the bitter storm of 
opposition which it at first encountered. Writers and orators 
throughout the country proclaimed a body existing by hered- 
itary right would inevitably become a privileged ai-istocratic 
class, antagonistic to the spirit of our institution and a danger- 
ous element in a Republican commonwealth. Legislative com- 
mittees declared the members of the Association unworthy of 
American citizenship, and the Congress at Annapolis threatened 
to disfranchise them unless they abolished the hereditary 
feature of membership. 

In New York the Tammany Society, or Columbian Order, 
as it was originally called, was founded in 1789 to antagonize 
that of the Cincinnati, and was the first of those iiltra-demo- 
cratic organizations which glorified the French Revolution and 
were so detested by Washington. It is a striking commentary 
on the trustworthiness of political prophecy, that while the 
Order of the Cincinnati has been of little weight in the history of 
the country, and is now entirely without political intiuence, its 
old rival, with its membership of thousands and its arbitrary, 
though nominally democratic methods, has gone on increasing 
in power and prestige until it has grown into the most formida- 
ble, and possibly, the most dangerous, political organization in 
the union. 

TJie early opponents of the Cincinnati numbered in their 
ranks many illustrious patriots and statesmen ; but they were 
all men who had been engaged in the civil service of the gover- 
ment during the Revolution, and while one may not doubt the 
sincerity of their convictions, it is evident that they were 
swayed by jealousy of the army, and the fear that the estab- 
lishment of a Military Order would result in giving to Wash- 



THE SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI. 9 

ington's officers the exclusive honour of securing our inde- 
pendence. 

The Governoi' of South Carolina in an address to the Legis- 
lature in February, 1784, i)ointed out the dangers of such a 
Society as the Cincinnati, rebuked its members as seeming to 
have fought for mere distinction, and predicted that its success 
meant ruin to the country. 

John Jay declared that if the Society obtained a perma- 
nent foothold in America, he would cease to "care whether the 
Revolution had succeeded or not." 

Samuel Adams wrote to Elbridge Gerry, April and 
May, 1784:— 

•'I confess I do not barely dislike the Order. With you 
I think it dangerous, and look upon it with the eye of jealousy. 
When the pride of family possesses the minds of men, it is 
threatening the community in proportion to the good they have 
done This is as rapid a stride towards an heredi- 
tary military nobility as ever w^as made in so short a time." 

Franklin wrote from France, 26th January, 1784 : — 

•'I wonder that when the united wisdom of our nation had, 
in the articles of confederation, manifested their dislike of 
establishing ranks of nobility by authority either of the Congress 
or of any particular State, a number of private persons should 
think proper to distinguish themselves and their posterity 
from their fellow citizens, and form an Order of hereditary 
knigfds, in direct opposition to the solemnly declared sense of 
their country!" 

John Adams asserted that the formation of the Society was 
"the first step taken to deface the beauty of our Temple of 
Liberty,'' and he wrote to Elbridge Gerry, 25th of April, 1785 : — 

"What is to be done with the Cincinnati? Is that order 
of chivalrj-, that inroad upon our first principle, equality, to be 
connived at ? It is the deepest piece of cunning yet attempted. 
It is sowing the .seeds of all that European courts wish to grow 
up among us, viz.: of vanity, ambition, corruption, discord and 
sedition! . . . Such marks of reward should not be adopted 
in any country where there is virtue, love of country, love of 
labour. When virtue is lost, ambition succeeds. Then indeed 
ribbons and garters become necessary, but never till then." 



10 THE SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI. 

Jeflferson wrote lo Washington from Paris, 14th November, 
1786 :— 

"What has heretofore passed between ns on the institution 
of the Cincinnati makes it my duty to mention to you that I 
have never heard a jierson in Europe, learned or unlearned, 
express his thoughts upon this institution, who did not consider 
it as dishonourable and destructive to our governments ; and 
that every writing which has come out since my arrival here, 
in which it is mentioned, considers it, even as now reformed, 
as the germ whose development is one day to destroy the fabric 

we have reared Though the day may be at some 

distance, beyond the reach of oiir lives, perhaps, yet it will 
certainly come, when a single libre of this institution will pro- 
duce an hereditary aristocracy, which will change the form of 
our governments from the best to the worst in the world. 
. . The branches of this institution cover all the States; the 
Southern ones are at this time aristocratical in their disposition ; 
and that that disposition should grow and extend itself is within 
the natural order of things. I do not flatter myself with the 
immortality of our governments ; but I shall think little also of 
their longevity, unless this germ of destruction be taken out." 

But the most formidable indictment of the Society of the 
Cincinnati in its origin, aims and tendencies, is the virulent 
pamphlet of iEdanus Burke, an eccentric Irishman who was a 
Judge of the Supreme Court of South Carolina. Writing under 
the pseudonym of Cassius, he opens his attack with the Bibli- 
cal phrase "Blow ye the triimpet in Zion !" and inveighs against 
the new Order, says Judge Marshall, "in that fervid and infec- 
tious language which is the genuine offspring of passion." 

These are some of his wild assertions, for arguments they 
can hardly be called : — 

"This establishment ere long must strip the posterity of 
the middling and lower classes of every influence or authority, 
and leave them nothing but insignificance and contempt. . . 

"A hereditary peerage will be as firmly settled in each 
potent family, and riveted in our government, as any order of 
nobility is in the monarchies of Europe. This Order is planted 
in a fiery, hot ambition, and thirst for power ; and its branches 
will end in tyranny 



THE SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI. 11 

"In less than a century it will occasion such an inequality 
in the condition of our inhabitants, that the country will be 
composed only of two ranks of men, the patricians or nobles, 
and the rabble 

"In a few generations hence the peers of Cincinnati may 
consider themselves as deriving their lineage from Heaven. . . 

"They will soon have and hold an exclusive right to 
offices, honours and authorities, civil and military. And the 
whole country, besides themselves, a mere mob of plebeians, 
without weight or estimation 

"Our government will be in a few years as fierce and op- 
pressive an aristocracy as that of Poland or Venice, if the Order 
of Cincinnati be sufl'ered to take root and spread in it. . . . 

"It is a deep-laid contrivance to beget and perpetuate family 
grandeur in an aristocratic nobility, to terminate at last in 
monarchical tyranny." 

Burke's tract, published in October, 1783, attracted very 
general attention. Franklin brought it to the notice of Mira- 
beau, the future French revolutionary leader, then in exile in 
London, who printed in September, 1784, a carefully prepared 
pamphlet, in which he echoed the trumpet-blast of Cassius and 
predicted anew the dire calamities which the Cincinnati would 
bring upon the young Republic. 

"Americans,-' says he, "who exterminate the feeble rem- 
nant of a party which has lost all importance, and drive the 
Tories with fury from their coasts, suffer with the most supreme 
inattention an institution to be introduced among them, which 
must shortly undermine the public weal, their liberty and their 
country ; strip the middle and lower ranks of life of all influ- 
ence, and of all importance ; consign them to the most palpable 
contempt, and reduce them to the completest nullity ; or at best 
to the sad privilege of murmuring, when it will be too late to 
remedy the evil 

"The institution of the Order of Cincinnati is the creation 
of an actual patriciate, and of a military nobility which will 
ere long become a civil nobility, and an aristocracy the more dan- 
gerous, because, being hereditary, it will perpetually increase 
in the course of time, and will gather strength from the very 
prejudices which it will engender ; because, originating neither 



12 THE SOCIETY 0¥ THE CINCINNATI. 

in the Constitution nor the law, the law has provided no 
means to control it, and it will immediately overbear the 
Constitution of which it forms no part ; till the time shall 
come when, by rejieated attempts, made sometimes clandes- 
tinely and sometimes openly, it will at length have incorpo- 
rated itself into the Constitution, or when, after having for a 
long time sapped its foundations, it will in the end overturn 
and utterly destroy it 

"All outward marks of distinction are repugnant to the 
spirit of a republic. Liberty has an elevated pride which all 
distinctions offend. In her presence nothing must be emi- 
nently conspicuous ; all must be confounded in one undistin- 
guished mass. She cannot even behold these ornaments with- 
out terror ; if they are worn by only one description of citizens, 
her terror redoubles. But if the solitary body of men, who dare 
thus to distinguish themselves from their fellow citizens, be a 
body of soldiers, all is lost. Liberty will not linger long in 
climates disgraced by such distinctions 

"Every family will preserve the eagle of the Cincinnatus 
their ancestor, and they will refuse to marry into families which 
cannot boast a similar title of nobility. These kinds of ine- 
quality obstruct the natural course of honourable love, and 
keep asunder those whom Heaven seems to have formed for 
each other 

"In less than a century this institution, which draws a line 
of separation between the descendants of the Cincinnati and 
their fellow-citizens, will have caused so great an inequality, 
that the country which now contains none but citizens perfectly 
equal in the eye of the Constitution and of the law, will con- 
sist altogether of two classes of men, patricans and plebe- 
ians 

"Let the Legislature blast this destructive institution of 
an artificial, and (which is its masterpiece) a decorated nobility!" 

The controversy was bitter and animated ; no one seems to 
have seen the humourous side of it but Steuben, who, together 
with Knox, was especially singled out by the pamjihleteers as 
chiefly responsible for this attempt to inoculate the body politic 
with the virus of feudalism. He wrote to Knox on 11th No- 
vember, 1783: — 



THE SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI. 13 

''A 9a, Monsieur le Cincinnatus ! your pernicious designs 
are then unveiled, — you wish to introduce dukes and peers into 
our republic I No, my Lord, no, your Grace, that will not do : 
there is a Cassius more far-sighted than this German baron, of 
whom you have made a cat's-paw to draw the chestnuts out of 
the fire. Cassius knows only a part of the secret. He makes 
me author and grand-master, thus whipping you over my 
shoulders. But listen I I will prove to Cassius that this dan- 
gerous plan had its birth in tlie brain of two Yankees; /. e., 
Knox and Huntington : therefore 

' Blow ye the Trumpet in Zion I " 

" We know very well these Bostonians and the people of 
the Holy Land, who beneath a Presbyterian and modest air 
conceal the most ambitious designs. Cassius does not know 
all the danger. When I shall tell him that the young Marquis, 
Henry Knox, is already promised in marriage to a Princess of 
Hyder Ali, and that the young Countess of Huntington is to 
marry the hereditary Prince of Sweden, and that the King of 
Spain wishes to accept the place of Treasurer of the Order, then 

' Blow ye the Trumpet in Zion ! * 

"See the pamphlet of Cassius — read it — tremble. 

" You have sent L' Enfant to France to procure some Gold 
Eagles, but you have forgotten to give him some coppers for 
his tavern expenses. Our reputation will be well established 
in France 1 As for Germany, that will be my affair. I love 
yon too well, you American dogs, to speak all the evil of you 
that you merit. "" 

Knox replied, in somewhat the same vein, to this letter 
from Boston, on 21st February, 1784 : — 

' ' We had a meeting of the Society in this town on the 
loth instant, and a committee was chosen to attend the meeting 
in May next, at Philadelphia. Your Society, Mr. Baron, has 
occasioned a great deal of jealousy among the good people of 
New England, who say it is altogether an outlandish creation 
formed by foreign influence. It is still heightened by a letter 
from one of our ministers abroad, who intimates that it was 
formed in Europe to overthrow our happy institutions. Burke's 
pamphlet has also had its full operation. You. see how much 
you have to answer for by the introduction of your European 



14 THE SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI. 

institutions. I contend to the utmost of my power, that you 
only had your share in the matter, and no more ; but it will 
have no effect. Burke's allusion has fixed it, and you must 
siipport the credit of having created a race of hereditary 

nobility You must have observed, my dear friend, 

how possible it is for the best intentions to be misconstrued 
and misrepresented." 

Moved by an opposition so violent and so wide-spread, 
some prominent members withdi'ew from the Society, and others 
laid aside the insignia. In France, however, the new Order 
was received with enthusiasm, and admission to membership 
was eagerly sought. 

Baron von Steuben thus characterizes it, in an invitation to 
the Chevalier de la Luzerne of 24th May, 1783 : — 

"The design of this Institution, which is founded on the 
principles of patriotism and gratitude, is to perpetuate the 
memory of an epoch so glorious to America as the present, and 
the effectual assistance this country has received from her gen- 
erous ally. The American officers will consider themselves 
honoured by being permitted to connect with their own the 
names of those celebrated characters who have shown their 
attachment to the rights of the human species in general, and 
of the American in particular." 

Washington wrote to Rochambeau on 29th October, 1783 : — 
"The officers of the American army, in order to perpetuate 
that mutual friendship which they contracted in the hour of 
common danger and distress, and for other purposes which are 
mentioned in the instrument of their association, have united 
together in a Society of Friends under the name of Cincinnati ; 
and, having honoured me with the office of President, it becomes 
a very agreeable part of my duty to inform you that the Society 
have done themselves the honour to consider you and the gen- 
erals and officers of the army which you commanded in America 
as members of the Society. 

" Major L' Enfant, who will have the honour to deliver this 
letter to you, will execute the Order of the Society in France, 
amongst which he is directed to present you with one of the 
first Orders that are made, and likewise with Orders for the 
other gentlemen of your army, which I take the liberty to 



THE SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI. 16 

request you will present to them in the name of the Society. 
As soon as the diploma is made out, I will have the honour to 
transmit it to you." 

Lafayette wrote from Paris to Gen. Knox, 8th January, 
1784 :— 

" Our Association meets with great success. On Thursday 
next a sufficient number of Eagles will be made to answer 
immediate purposes. T intend inviting all the American officers 
to my house, and to conduct them in a body, with our regi- 
mentals, to the General of the French army, to whom we will 
present the marks of the Association. You will receive many 
applications relative to an addition to the brotherhood.'" 

Major L" Enfant informed von Steuben of the result of his 
mission in a letter of 25th December, 1783 : — 

"It is with the greatest satisfaction that I acquaint you of 
the success of the Cincinnati in France. The difficulties have 
been removed which could have been opposed to the admission 
of the Order into France, where they are accustomed to tolerate 
no foreign Order. His Majesty, desirous of giving the Ameri- 
cans a proof of the friendship which he wishes to maintain 
with them, in his Council has permitted his officers to wear 

this badge with the other Orders of his kingdom 

Here in France they are more ambitious to obtain the Order of 
the Cincinnati than to be decorated with the Cross of St. Louis." 

He wrote to Washington on the same date : — 

"I proceeded to Paris with all possible dispatch, and 
handed at once your letters to Counts Rochambeau, d'Estaing, 

de Grasse, and to the Marquis General de Lafayette 

It is flattering to me to be able to inform your Excellency of 
the success of my mission, and of the high appreciation which 
the French nation entertain towards the American army for 
thus honouring an illustrious part of their own army with such 
flattering distinction. One single conversation with the French 
officers would at once convince you how thoroughly they appre- 
ciate, at the bottom of theii' hearts, those brotherly sentiments 
which make them take so powerful an interest in the happiness 
of America. This Institution, which they consider as a monu- 
ment erected to republican virtues, as a fundamental basis of a 
coi-dial union between the different States, as a new tie which 



16 THE SOCIETY OF THE CIISrCINNATI. 

assures the duration of that reciprocal friendship which France 
has devoted to America, cannot be looked upon in too advanta- 
geous a light. 

"The permission which this illustrious monarch, the most 
Christian king, has already given to his siibjects to wear in his 
dominions the Order of the Society of the Cincinnati, is not 
only a strong mark of his deference, but also an unmistakable 
proof of the sentiments of his majesty towards America." 

The privilege accorded to the French Cincinnati of wear- 
ing their insignia at the Coiirt was a very special one, for at 
that time no foreign Order was allowed to be borne by a French 
Officer except that of the Golden Fleece. In a letter to the 
N. Y. Society, in 1786, Major L' Enfant again dwells upon: — 

"La faveur que sa Majeste tres-Chretienue a bien voulu nous 
accorder, en nous permettant de porter la marque de notre union 
dans son royaume, ou nul autre ordre etranger est tolere. Nous 
jouissons du credit aussi dans les autres cours d' Europe, oii 
nombre de nos freres, qui y sont les premiers en rang et en 
reputation, y font briller I'Aigie de Cincinnati.'' 

The French members of the Society, about eighty in num- 
ber, subscribed sixty thousand francs for the relief of their 
brethren in America, but Washington, with characteristic deli- 
cacy, declined the donation. Many efforts were made to extend 
the privilege of membershij) in France, and as late as 24th 
April, 1790, the Viconite de Noailles, who was then a Jacobin 
member of the National Assembly, wrote to Washington : — 

"The Cross of St. Louis, the sign of military service, is 
going to be conferred thi'oughout all the ranks of the army. 
Condescend to grant the same favour to all the officers who have 
been under your orders, and who have contributed as we 
to the salvation of the commonwealth. Condescend to obtain 
for them the right of bearing the Order of Cincinnatus. In 
the name of the small army you had some esteem for. 1 dare 
petition the favour." 

This interesting branch of the Society was torn away and 
destroyed by the whirlwind of the revolution, and several of 
its most illustrious members perished by the guillotine. There 
came a time indeed when i)ossession of the coveted Eagle 
became a great danger, and might consign its bearer to the 



THE SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI. 17 

scaflfold, or to a death of torture at the hands of the fierce rab- 
ble. In one of the dark days of "The Terror" it appears con- 
spicuous in a scene of savage and cowardly cruelty. In Septem- 
ber, 1792, a number of political lu'isoners, including the venera- 
ble Due de Brissac and other persons of distinction, were 
ordered to be transported, under escort, from Orleans to Paris. 
Seven wagons, each containing eight prisoners loaded with 
chains, set out on the fatal journey, headed by Fourmier, a 
renegade American. Arrived at the gates of Versailles, they 
were attacked by a mob of assassins that lay in waiting, and 
savagely butchered in cold blood. A few escaped in the con- 
fusion, but forty-seven dead bodies, with the chains still hang- 
ing to their hands and feet, were piled up in the street, and 
even children cut pieces from the corpses and threw them to the 
dogs. The heart of Brissac was torn out, and his hoary head 
was i:ilanted on one of the palisades of the palace gates. "From 
the neck of Fourmier's horse," says Lamartine, in his History 
of the Girondins, "dangled a collar composed of Crosses of 
St. Louis, Eagles of CincinnaUis, and other military decora- 
tions snatched from the breasts of the victims." 

Washington appointed tlie tirst general meeting of the 
Cincinnati to be held in Philadelphia on 4th May, 1784, and 
took great pains to secure a full attendance by sending urgent 
letters to the Presidents of all the State Societies. From 
many quarters came to him earnest protests against the Institu- 
tion of the new Order, and Cassandra-like prophecies of the 
evils it must entail on the country. America seemed to forget 
the splendid services rendered by the Continental officers in her 
hovir of sorest need, and that their sacrifices in her behalf in the 
past were a guarantee for their unselfish patriotism in the days 
to come. Washington could not forget this, and he was devoted 
to his faithful followers ; but he was deeply moved by the dis- 
satisfaction, distrust and genuine alarm aroused throughout the 
country by the establishment of an hereditary military Order. 

In deference to public sentiment he determined to recom- 
mend radical changes in the Institution of the Society, though 
many of his most trusty Lieutenants were opposed to any con- 
cession to the popular outcry. Gfen. Nathanael Greene wrote to 
him from Newport on April 22nd, 1784 : — 



18 THE SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI. 

"The uproar that is raised against the Cincinnati makes 
me more anxious to be at the meeting than I ever expected to 

feel The subject is important, and it may be 

equally dangerous to recede or push forward ; but I am decided 
in my opinion not to abolish the Order from x>revailing clamours 

against it It is in the temper of the people, not 

in the matters complained of. I hope the meeting will not be 
hasty in their determination, or in too great a hurry to sepa- 
rate I am confident the tranquility of the public can 

only be preserved by the continuance of the Order I 

am for continuing the Institution without aiterati(m. To make 
any alteration in the present hour will be premature, injure its 
inriuence, and defeat all the good that may be expected from 
the continuing it an object of public attention." 

Finding it impossible to attend the meeting, Greene wrote 
again on 6th May : — 

"Many sensible people are anxious for the continuance of 
the Order. Many more wish the hereditary part lopped ofl', 
as the most exceptionable of the whole Institution. Others 
again are oifended at the hereditary pai't on account of the 
French officers. It is thought that it nmy lead to an improper 

influence in our national affairs It is worthy of 

some consideration to attempt giving reasonable satisfaction to 
the apprehensions of the people ; but I am at a loss to deter- 
mine what will effect it." 

Washington, however, was convinced of the necessity of 
immediate and essential alterations, and even intimated his 
purpose of resigning from the Society unless they were adopted. 
The following memorandum, in his own writing, which still 
exists, shows the important changes which before the meeting- 
was convened he had resolved to demand of his fellow-members: — 

"Stiike out every word which has a j^olitical tendency. 

"Discontinue the hereditary part in all its connections 
absolutely. 

"Admit no more honorary members into the Society. 

" Reject subscriptions or donations from any person who is 
not a citizen of the United States. 

"Place the funds upon such a footing as to remove the 
jealousies which are entertained on that score. 



THE SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI. 19 

"Authorize the foreign officers to hold meetings in France, 
and empower them to decide upon the pretensions of those of 
their own body who claim the privilege of becoming members 
of the Cincinnati. 

"Abolish the general meetings as unnecessary. 

" Upon these principles let the Institution be formed in as 
clear, distinct and explicit terms as language can convey. Send 
co])ies to the President of each State Society, and accompany 
these with a well-composed letter expressive of the reasons 
which induced us to alter the Constitution.'" 

The delegates met on May 4th, at the City Tavern, on 
Second Street, near Walnut, and remained in session for a 
fortnight, all the States being represented except Rhode Island. 
Opinions were divided as to any amendment of the Institution, 
but in deference to the wishes of Washington a committee of 
one from each State was appointed "to revise and alter the 
general system of the Society of the Cincinnati, and to form a 
correct institution or code of principles and obligations." After 
several days of deliberation this committee of revision reported, 
and a special consideration of certain paragraphs of this report 
was referred to a committee of five, chosen by ballot — Gov. 
Dickinson of Pennsylvania, Gen. O. H. Williams of Maryland, 
Col. Henry Lee of Virginia, Col. W. S. Smith of New York, 
and Gen. Henry Knox of Massachusetts. 

Their recommendations were discussed and amended, and 
iinally, by an affirmative vote of the delegates from all the States 
(except Xew York), the Amended Institution of the Society of 
the Cincinnati was adopted. 

The following letter was drafted and ordered to be sent to 
the French members of the Association : — 

'■'•To the Senior Land, and Naval Officers and others^ 

Members of the Society of the Cincinnati in France. 
"Gentlemen : — We, the delegates of the Cincinnati, having 
judged it expedient to make several material alterations and 
amendments in our Institution, and having thought it our duty 
to communicate the I'easons upon which we have acted, in a 
Circular Address to the State Societies, do now transmit for 
your information a transcript of that letter, together with a 
copy of the Institution as revised and amended. 



20 THE SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI. 

"Conscious of having done what prudence and love of coun- 
try dictated, we are persuaded you will be satisfied with the 
propriety of our conduct, when you are informed our decisions 
were influenced by a conviction that some things contained in 
our original system might eventually be productive of conse- 
quences which we had not foreseen, as well as by the current of 
sentiments which appeared to prevail among our fellow-citizens. 
Under these circumstances, we viewed^it as no proof of^^mag- 
nanimity to persist in anything which might possibly^ be 
erroneous, or to counteract the opinion of the community, 
however founded. 

"Nor were we displeased to find the jealous eye of Patriotism 
watching over those liberties which had been established by our 
common exertions, especially as our countrymen appeared 
fully disposed to do justice to our intentions, and to apprehend 
no evils but such as might happen in process of time, after we, 
in whom they placed so much confidence, should have quitted 
the stage of human action ; and we flatter ourselves we felt not 
less interested in guarding against disastrous contingencies, in 
averting present or future political evils, than the most zealous 
of our compatriots. 

"For as then it is enoixgh that our benevolent purposes of 
relieving the unfortunate should not be frustrated, that our 
Friendships should be as immutable as they are sincere, and 
that you have received the tokens of them with such tender 
words of sensibility. For you, Gentlemen, let it be sufficient 
that your merits and services are indelibly impressed upon the 
hearts of a whole Nation, and that your names and actions can 
never be lost in oblivion. 

"Cherishing such sentiments, and reciprocating all your 
affections, we pray you will have the goodness to believe, that 
although nothing could have increased our friendship, yet by 
your alacrity in associating with us you have taken the most 
effectual measures for riveting more strongly those indissoluble 
ties. 

We have the honoiir to be, etc., etc." 

The committee for preparing a form for the diploma 
reported the following, which was adopted : — 



THE SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI. 21 

Be IT Known, That A. B. is a member of the Society of 
the Cincinnati, instituted by the officers of the American army 
at the period of its dissolution, as well to commemorate the 
great event which gave Independence to North America, as for 
the laudable purpose of inculcating the duty of laying down 
in peace arms assumed for public defence, and of uniting in 
acts of brotherly affection, and bonds of perpetual friendship, 
the members constituting the same. 

In Testimony Whereof, I, the President of the said 

Society, have hereunto set my hand, at , in the 

State of , this day of , 

in the year of our Lord, one thousand seven hundred and 

, and in the year of the 

Independence of the United States. 

By order, 

. , Secretary. 



-, President. 



Everything was done at the meeting that Washington 
demanded, for it was considered absolutely essential that he 
should continue at the head of the Society, and he remained its 
President until his death. The timely concessions made to 
popular prejudice stilled all clamour against the Cincinnati, 
and the antagonism to it soon ceased. Yet no change in the 
Institution was really made, for the delegates had no power to 
bind their respective States ; and when the amendments were 
reported to the local Societies, some took no deliuite action and 
others refused to ratify tliem. Finally, as it became evident 
that it was impossible to obtain general consent to the organic 
changes which would mark so wide a departure from the origi- 
nal principles of the Association, the General Society, at its 
meeting in Philadelphia, on 7th May, 1800, declared by a 
unanimous vote, "That the Institution of the Society of the 
Cincinnati remains as it was originally proposed and adojited 
by the officers of the American army, at their cantonments on 
the banks of the Hudson River, in 1783." 

Different usages now prevail in the various State Societies 
as to the election of members and the claims to membership, 
but no change has been made in the original constitution, 
except what is known as The Rule of 1854. At the meeting of 



22 THE SOCIETY OF THE CINCIJJNATI. 

the General Society, held that year in Baltimore, an ordinance 
was unanimously adopted which makes eligible descendants of 
any Revolutionary oflBcer who had a right to original member- 
ship, though he failed to assert his claim to admission on the 
formation of the Society. 

The interest of the early meetings ch;sters around the 
name of Washington, though official duties elsewhere prevented 
his attending any meeting except the critical one of 1784. On 
his election to the Presidency of the United States, the follow- 
ing address and resolution were adopted by the Cincinnati, in 
session in Philadelphia, in May, 1790 : — 

" 8iR :— We, the delegates of the State Societies of the Cincinnati, assembled at our 
triennial general meeting, congratulate you on being unanimously elected the head of 
our rising republic. 

"As a part of the community we felicitate our countrymen on this happy event, ami 
we embrace the first opportunity of expressing our sentiments with no less zeal than 
sincerity. 

" When we say we love and revere you as a father, we not only speak the language of 
our own hearts, but we speak the language of all who have fought, suffered and con- 
quered under your command. Were poverty and consciousness of duty our only 
recompense, still should we glory in the part we have acted ; for our motives, as they 
regarded our country, will afford us satisfaction as well through the vicissitudes of life 
as in the moment of dissolution. As members of our institution, on a former occasion, 
we appealed to heaven and our own hearts for the purity of our intentions. Our fellow 
citizens wiU witness that the conduct of the officers and soldiers of the late American 
armies has not been less patriotic in peace than it was glorious in war. 

"A good constitution was the object for which we risked our lives and experienced 
unparalleled difficulties. We are happy in the conviction that oiu- views are answered 
in the present government of the United States. While we applaud the wisdom of our 
countrymen in placing you at the head ol it, we pledge ourselves to support its admin- 
istration with the remnants of lives long since devoted to the public service. We need 
not enumerate your titles to the gratitude of yom' countiy, or echo, in the suffrages 
of our particular constituents, the public sentiment. But we may say we see, with 
exultation, our countrymen beginning to reap the fruits of independence under the 
auspices of the person who was more instrumental than any other in its establishment. 
May you, as a reward for your services, enjoy length of days and every temporal blessing, 
and may such blessings be a prelude to everlasting feUcity." 

Resolwd, That the foregoing address be presented to the President of the United 
States by a committee of nine members, to wit: — 

General Knox, General Matthews, Colonel Gunn, 

Colonel Hawkins, Captain Dayton, Colonel Smith, 

General Clarkson, Colonel Wadsworth, Colonel Humphreys. 



TUK SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI. 2'i 

General Washington's reply. 

" '1<> the DelegaU'x nf the 'SUtlv Socielii's of the Cincinnati Inleli/ (inxnith/i'il al their Trieiminl 

Meeting : — 

"Gentlemen : — Although it is e;i.sier for you to conceive than for me to explain the 
pleasing sensations which have been exfited in my breast by your congratulations on 
my appointment to the head of this rising republic, yet I must take the liberty to thank 
you sincerely for the polite manner in which you felicitate our countrymen, and testify 
your regard to me on this oci'asion. 

"In addition to that rewar< 1 for your sufferings and services which arises fron\ the con - 
sciousness of having done your duty, you have erected monuments more expressive of 
your merits than even the univei'sal applause of your country in the establishment of its 
independence and sovereignty; nor should any possible circumstances of poverty or 
adversity compel you to give up that sweet satisfaction for the part you have acted, 
which ought to attend you as well through the vicissitudes of life as in the moment of 
dissolution. 

"The candor of yoiu- fellow-citizens acknowledge the patriotism of your conduct in 
peace, as their gratitude Ikuj declared their obligations for your fortitude and persever- 
ance in war. X knowledge that they now do justice to the purity of your intentions 
ought to be your highest consolation, as the fact is demonstrative of your greatest glory. 

"The object for which your gallantry encountered every danger, and your virtue sus- 
tained unparalleled difficulties, has happily been attained. A government, i)roniising 
protection and prosperity to the people of the United States, is established, and its ope- 
rations hitherto have been sucli as to justify the most sanguine expectations of further 
success. It was naturally to be expected that live!! which had long since been devoted 
on the altar of freedom could never be offered at the shrine of anarchy and despotism. 
.\nd the otier which you make of the residue of those lives to support the administration 
of this government is not less a proof of its excellence than an encouragement for those 
concerned in its execution to use their best endeavors to make it a source of extensive 
and permanent blessings to their country. 

" Whatever titles my military services may have given me to tlie regard of my coun- 
try, they are principally corroborated by the firm support of my brave and faithful as- 
sociates in the field; and if any consideration Ls to be attributed to the successful exer- 
cise of my civil duties, it proceeds, in a great measure, from the wisdom of the laws and 
the facility which the disposition of my fellow-citizens has given to their administration. 

" To the most affectionate wishes for your temporal happiness, I add a fervent prayer 
for your eternal felicity, 

" G. Washington." 

The members of the Society of the Cincinnati gave a warm 
support to their illustrious chief in his administration of the 
government. Many of them held high office under him. 

On May 7, 1800, at the fii'st meeting of the G-eneral Society 
after the death of the President, Mr. Bingham, from the com- 
mittee appointed for that purpose, reported the following testi- 
monial of respect to the memory of General Washington, which 
was twice read, unanimously agreed to and ordered to be en- 
tered on the records of the Society as the first act of the present 
general meeting after its organization : — 



24 THE SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI. 

" Under the most profound impressiou of veneration and afiection, the Society of the 
Cincinnati, at a general meeting, are called upon to express the mournful tribute of their 
sorrow at that an"ful dispensation of Providence, which has recently removed from their 
councils their much revered and lamented President-General. 

"The arduous, though successful struggle which terminated in establishing the liber- 
ties of our country, and in which they fought under his banners, and shared with him 
the dangers and toils of the tieli.l, attached him to this Society by the ties of the most 
intimate and endearing nature. His valor ami prudence seemed to control the events 
of war, led the American armies to victory, and acliieved the independence of their 
country. Whilst mingling their tears with those of theii- fellow-citizens, they are 
naturally impelled to pour out the effusions of a deeper regret for the irreparable loss 
which they have sustained. 

" But it is not only in their relationship to this illustrious character, as soldiers, that 
the Society of the Cincinnati have cause to deplore his loss. 

"When the storm of war had ceased to rage, and the blessings of peace had been 
restored, their country was suffering under the weakness of a confederation which 
threatened the existence of that union which their joint efforts in arms had so essen- 
tially contributed to establish. 

" With his auspicious co-operation a Constitution was formed, calculated, by its 
wisdom and energy, to redeem us ft'om that prostrate state to which we had been 
reduced, and to restore that reputation which our country had lost fi-om the imbecility 
of the old system. The administration of the government was committed to his care, 
and his country will ever hold in grateful remembrance the inflexible virtue and forti- 
tude with wliich he conducted its affairs, and saved it from the effects of domestic 
faction and foreign intrigue. 

"After a second retirement from the active scenes of public life, in which his merits 
as a statesman rivaled his fame as a soldier, his country, at the approach of danger, 
again required his services. The crisis was important, and the situation dehcate ; a 
nation which had mingled its blood with ours in the defence of our liberties had now 
assumed a hostile appearance; a war from this unexpected quarter thi'eatened the peace 
of our country. 

" Washington, who never hesitated when urged by a sense of duty, obeyed the call 
of the government. He again abandoned his beloved retirement, hazarded a reputa- 
tion consummate in every point of view, and assumed command of the armies. 

"His military companions, who had frequently witnessed the magnanimity of his 
conduct in seasons of adveraity as well as of triumph, felt the full force of theii' country's 
appeal to arms whilst Washington was their leader. 

" In this momentous crisis of our affairs, by the inscrutable decrees of heaven, he was 
snatched from America and the world. 

" Under this pressure of calamity, which more peculiarly operates upon the sensi- 
bilities of this Society, their only consolation is derived fi-om the animating reflection 
that although he is summoned to the enjoyment of the happy destinies of a future state, 
the bright example of Ids virtues and talents will still sm-vive, and the inheritance of 
his name prove a futm-e incentive to heroes and legislators, who will strive to emulate 
his fame and merit the glory he has acquired." 

The most interesting and important of all the meetings of 
the General Society since those of the early days, was that one 
held at Baltimore, in 1854. For the first time in the history of 
the Association all the existing State Societies were represented, 



THE SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI. 25 

many salutary measures were adopted, and with the accession 
of Hon. Hamilton Fish to the Presidency the Society entered 
upon a career of renewed life and activity. 

After a resolution to hold a meeting in the following year 
at Charleston, a motion to adjourn was made and carried in the 
affirmative. 

On announcing this result, the President-General made 
some remarks on the condition and prospects of the Society, 
which, at the unanimous request of members, were furnished 
by the President to be placed on the minutes, and are as 
follows : — 

" Before announcing the result of the vote just taken, I ask permission to congratu- 
late the Society upon the aui?i)iciou.« prospect which this meeting ha.-^ encouraged us to 
contemplate. 

" For the first time in the history of the Institution every State Society extant haa 
been represented at a general meeting, and while giving utterance to my own most 
cordial emotions, I feel and 1 know that it is but expressing the warm sentiment of all 
the delegates from the other Societies to say that no incident could have added so much 
to the interest of the meeting, or to the gratification or the encouragement which it has 
inspired, as the presence of our friends, the representatives of our bretlu-en of Maryland 
and of South Carolina. 

" Never estranged, still for long years we have failed all to come together ; but the 
friendships of our fothers, 'formed under the pressui-e of comnjon danger, and, in many 
instances, cemented by their blood,' have desceniled to their sons, and, after a lapse of 
seventy yeara ft-om the organization of the Society, have brought us here from the 
remote points of the old thirteen States, representing all that is left of an Institution 
which its founders hoped to be perpetual, but representing it, as they designed it, 
' One Society of Friends.' 

" This reunion marks an epoch in our history. The destinies of the Society are now 
in the hands of its hereditary members. The founders of the Institution, with one 
exception, have passed away; one original member alone is known to survive; and he, 
far advanced in the vale of years, with an intellect still vigorous, and a patriotism as 
ardent as that of his youth, is still spared, closing a w^ell-spent life, at his home near 
the 'Cantonment of the .\merican army on Hudson's River,' like a fond parent while 
waiting his summons, watching over the birtliplace of a beloved ciiild. 

"The interest in the Society which the presence of the heroes who formed it gave to 
its meetings has gone — their virtues, their memories, their h-iendships, the principles 
which they a.sserted, remain to constitute it.s interest. These are now in our keeping ; 
and our Institution is henceforth to be maintained by the enmlation of their virtues, 
the reverence of their memories, the ado|)tion of their friendsliips, and the advocacy of 
their principles. It is for us to show that the work which they did was not in vain; the 
past is theirs, and haa been well done — the present is ours, fuU of hope and promise; 
and when the present comes, as it soon will, to be the past, may our sons say that it, too, 
has been well done. 

" Standing between two generations, we owe a duty to both. The wreath upon our 
Society's badge is inscribed, 'Virtulis pricinium.' As we received it, so may we part 
with it. A device in that badge represents two 'hands joined,' but those hands are 



26 TH« SOCIKTY OF THE CINCINNATI. 

joined 'supporting a heart.' The motto of our Society is our Father's prayer in its 
liehall', '&/(j /<(r//rf»a. ■ This inscription, this device, and this motto, are suggestive of 
our double duty. Wliat we liave i-eceiveii h'om wortliy sires, let us transmit unimpaired 
to sons whom we sliall train to emulate their virtues and their patriotism. 

"Gentlemen, you have voted that this meeting stand adjourned. We met, many 
personally unknown to others; we part friends, I trust, for life. Accept my thanks for 
your kindness and support in the duties of the ottice in which your favour has placed 
me, and my best wishes for your safe return to families and to home." 

For various reasons the State Societies of Georgia, North 
Carolina, Virginia, Delaware, Connecticut, Rhode Island and 
New Haniiishire, after only a few years of life, ceased to hold 
meetings, so that the original members died out without elect- 
ing any successors. The Society of Rhode Island was revived 
in 1881, and that of Connecticut in 1893, while the Societies of 
South Cai-olina, Maryland. Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New 
York and Massachusetts liave had an unbroken existence from 
the beginning until now. For nearly a century the triennial 
sessions of the Genera] Society were very sparsely attended, 
and often not a quorum could be gathered together. But with 
the present facility of communication, and the great revival of 
interest in the Cincinnati, all of the eight Societies are now 
represented by full delegations at each recurring General Meet- 
ing. The Association is full of life and activity, but it is greatly 
reduced in numbers by the dying out of some Revolutionary 
families, and the apathy of others in claiming their hereditary 
rights to membership. The whole number of the Cincinnati is 
now less than five hundred, of which Maryland has thirty-seven; 
while at the founding of the Order Massachusetts alone had 
three hundred and forty-three members, and Maryland one hun- 
dred and forty-eight. The last survivor of the original mem- 
bers. Major Robert Burnett, died in 1854. 

The early meetings of the Cincinnati were conducted with 
much dignity and ceremony, the members assembling in full 
uniform or court dress, and after the transaction of business, 
marching in stately procession to some churcli or public hall to 
listen to an elaborate address. The annual reunion, moreover, 
was often marked by a round of festivities lasting through an 
entire day, as at the meeting of the North Carolina Cincinnati 
at Halifax, on 4th July, 1786, which was opened in the middle 
of the morning by a salute of artillery. At an early hour a 
sumptuous dinner was served, at which thirteen formal toasts 



THE SOCIETY Op" THE {;INCINNATI. 27 

were drunk, "iK-companied by sepai-ate discharges of cannon, 
and animated by the most rational mirth and patriotic enthusi- 
asm. Tlie afternoon was spent in the utmost conviviality, en- 
livened with a number of gay and political songs and toasts. 
In the evening the Society gave a ball, which was honored with 
a numerous attendance of ladies." 

An account has been preserved of a very elaboi'ate ceremo- 
nial of investiture at the City Tavern in New York, at which 
Baron von Steuben presided and Alexander Hamilton was the 
orator. The building was decorated witli laurel wreaths; drums 
and trumpets filled the air with martial music ; the members 
were in full Continental uniform ; two satin cushions held the 
eagles and diplomas of the novitiates, and a standard was dis- 
played with the Cincinnati eagle on thirteen stripes of white 
and blue. The President, on entering, was saluted by dipping 
the flag, by a roll of drums and flourish of trumpets. After the 
inaugural address by Col. Hamilton, the new members signed 
the Institution, and were then marshaled with ceremony before 
the chair of state of the President, who handed each an eagle, 
saying: "Receive this mark as a recompense for your merit, 
and in remembrance of our glorious independence;" and a 
diploma, with the words : "This will show your title as a mem- 
ber of our Society. Imitate the illustrious hero, Lucius Quin- 
tus Cincinnatus, whom we have chosen for our patron ; like 
him be the defender of your country and a good citizen." Then 
all the old members arose to salute the new brethren, and the 
ceremonies of the day ended with a brilliant festival. 

When Lafayette visited America, in 1824, the State Socie- 
ties of the Cincinnati vied with each other in doing him honour. 
In Baltimore he was received in the tent used by Washington 
during the war, which was lent by Gen. Washington Park Cus- 
tis for the occasion. In New York the entertainment was on 
Lafayette's birthday, and we are told that "as he took his seat 
beneath a canopy of oak and laurel, a triumphant wreath fell 
from the beak of an eagle suspeuded above his chair."" 

Edwakd Ctkaham Daves. 
Boston, July, 1894. 



28 THE SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI. 



OFFICERS OF THE GENERAL SOCIETY, 
May 15, 1896. 



PRESIDENT- GENERAL. 

WILLIAM WAYNE, 

Of the Pennsylvania State Society. 

VICE-PRESIDENT GENERAL. 

WINSLOW WARREN, 

Of the Massachusetts State Society. 

SECRET AR Y-GENERAL. 

ASA BIRD GARDINER, 

Of the Rhode Island State Society. 

AS8ISTANT-SECRETAR Y-GENERAL. 

NICHOLAS FISH, 

Of the New York State Society. 

TREASURER-GENERAL. 

RICHARD MEREDITH McSHERRY, 

Of the Maryland State Society. 

ASSISTANT-TREASURER-GENERAL. 
HENRY THAYER DROWNE, 



Of the Rhode Island State Society. 



ANNALS OF THE CINCINNATI OF MARYLAND. 



State of Maryland, 
Annapolis ; November 21, 1783. 

In consequence of a public request of the Honorable 
Major-Gen' 1 Small wood to the Officers of the late Maryland 
line to meet in this City the 20th instant to take into consid- 
eration several matters very interesting to the line, a consid- 
erable number of the said Officers assembled accordingly; but 
as Gen'l Smalhvood did not arrive agreeably to their expecta- 
tions, they adjourned till tliis day at eleven o'clock; v^hen they 
reassembled at the house of Mr. Mann, and several matters 
interesting to the line were suggested; but in consideration of 
the absence of Gen'l Smallwood and Gen'l Gist, two senior 
officers, they postponed the consideration of the several sub- 
jects till three o'clock, when they met again. 



Present. 

BRIGADIER-GENEHAL. 

Otho H. Williams. 

COLONEL. 

Nathaniel Ramsay. 

LIETTTENANT-COLONEL. 

John Eccleston. 

MAJORS. 



Henry Hardman, Henry E. Gaither, 

John Davidson, William D. Beall, 

William Brown, Jacob Price, 

Richard Dorsey, Edward Oldham. 



30 



ANNALS OF THE 



CAPTAINS. 



Jonathan Morris, 
Jolin Kilty, 
Perry Benson, 
William Lamar, 
Benjamin Price, 
William Bruce, 
Edward Dyer, 
Edward Spurrier, 
Samuel McPlierson, 
Greorge Hamilton, 
Francis Reveley, 



Christopher Richmond, 
William Reily, 
Lloyd Beall, 
Michael Boyd, 
James Brutf, 
Adamson Tannehill, 
Philip Reed, 
Thomas Mason, 
John Hamilton. 
James Smith, 
John Gassaway. 



LIEUTENANTS. 



Nicholas Ricketts, 
Isaac Rawlings, 
John J. Jacobs, 
Samuel B. Beall, 
William Pendergast, 
Thomas Rowse, 
Basil Burgess, 
Arthur Harris, 
Henry Clements, 
John T. Lowe, 
Malakiah Bonham, 
Henry H. Chapman, 
Benjamin Fickle, 

John 



Mark McPherson, 
John Dow Cary, 
Samuel Hanson, 
John Brevitt, 
Thomas Boyd, 
Henry Baldwin, 
Thomas Price, Jr., 
Thomas A. Dyson, 
Samuel Edmiston, 
William Smoot, 
Hezekiah Foard, 
Isaac Hanson, 
Thomas Beatty, 
Sears. 



OFFICERS OF THE STAFF. 



Physician to the Army, James Craik ; Regimental Sur- 
geons, William Kilty and Ezekiel Haynie ; Surgeons' Mates, 
John L. Elbert and Gerard Wood. 



The system of the Order of the Cincinnati was then read 
by Gen'l Williams. 



CINCINKATI OF MARYLAND. 31 

The incouvenieiice and expense of further attendance at 
this time, or of meeting- again soon, and an earnest desire the 
officers liave of becoming members of that Honorable Society, 
induce tliem now to testify their heart}' and entire approbation 
of the principles thei-eof, by most cheerfully concurring in the 
establishment of the said Order, and by subscribing their 
names ; each officer previously pi'oducing sufficient vouchers 
of his being fully qualified and entitled thereto ; and for the 
more effectual execution and fulfilment of the same, the subscri- 
bers formed themselves into a Committee of the Whote, to 
ajipoint by election, the officers and representatives of their 
State Society , of which committee (xen'l Williams was appointed 
President, Lietxt.-Col. Eccleston, Secretary. 

It was thereupon moved and debated whether the election 
should be by ballot or otherwise ; and 

Resolved, that all elections in this Society shall be by 
ballot. And the committee adjourned until to-morrow at nine 
o'clock. 

November 22, 1783. 

The committee met according to adjournment and i^roceeded 
to the election of officers for the State Society. Whereupon 
Major-Gen'l Smallwood was apiiointed President, Brig.-Gen'l 
Uist was appointed Vice-President, Brig. -Gen' 1 Williams was 
ai)i)ointed Secretary, Col. Ramsay was appointed Treasurer, 
Lieut. -Col. Eccleston was appointed Assistant-Treasurer. 

On motion of Col. Ramsay : 

Resolred, unanimously, that the Secretary write to the 
President and Vice-President, and inform them of their respec- 
tive ai)iK)intments ; and 

Besolced, unanimously, that Gen'l Williams be invested 
with all the powers of President, until one or both of the honor- 
able gentlemen elected as President and Vice-President become 
subscribing members of this Society, and take upon them the 
exercise of their respective offices. 

Tlie committee thereupon considering themselves virtually 
and actually constituted and instituted a State Society of the 
Order of the Cincinnati, consider it their indisj)ensable duty to 
offei' to Almighty God their most grateful thanks for His 
gracious dispensation in the order of human events, whereby 



32 ANNALS OF THE 

they are permitted to felicitate each other on the fortunate 
and glorious conclusion of an uneqiial, precarious and 
bloody war, and to return with joy to their country and 
possess the invaluable rights of citizens, in peace and national 
independence. 

As a testimony of the satisfaction which we feel in the 
opportunity we enjoy of returning to our respective stations in 
the general class of the community, and of recommencing our 
civil occupations under a government which we have aided to 
establish and which we all approve and will endeavor to maintain; 
and in consideration of the abilities, merit and patriotism of 
His Excellency, Governor Paca, this Society direct that the 
Secretary, General Williams, wait on His Excellency and inform 
him that this Society do themselves the honor to consider him 
as an honorary member of their body. 

The Society then proceeded to the election of Delegates 
to represent them in the General Society ; whereupon the bal- 
lots being taken. General Williams, Governor Paca, General 
Smallwood and Colonel Ramsay were dnlj elected. 

Jiesohed, that Annapolis be the place of the Annual 
State Meeting. 

Hesohied, that in future no honorary member can be appoin- 
ted unless the person applying signify his wish to the Secretary, 
in writing, at least three months before the Annual State Meet- 
ing. A regular list of such applicants shall, on the first day of 
the meeting, be produced to the Society and lie on the table 
for the inspection of the members. Any person thus qualified 
may then be put in nomination by any member ; and if seconded 
shall be ballotted for, provided, that at least one-third of the 
members and one-half of the ofiicers be present. 

Besolved, that the system of the Order of the Cincinnati, 
together with the proceedings of this Committee, be published 
for the information of absent friends, and that the Secretary 
draw upon the Treasurer for the expenses. 

And the Society adjourned without day. 

O. H. Williams, 

P)-esideni of the Committee. 

John Ecoleston, 

Secretary of the Committee. 



CINCINNATI OF MARYLAND. 

JULY 5, 1784. 

Present. 

The Hon. Major-Gen" 1 Sniullwood. President. 

His Excellency Governor Wm. Paca. 



83 



Gunby, 



COLONELS. 

Ramsay. 



Wool ford. 



Beall, 

Lansdale, 

Brown, 

Galtlier. 

Smith. 



MA.fOKS. 

Reily, 

Oldham, 

Wright, 

Brookes, 

Davidson, 



Sellman. 

Truemau. 

Hardman. 

Anderson, 

Williams. 



Somerville, 

Kilty, 

Clagett, 

Bacques, 

Reveley, 

Winchester. 

Benson, 

,Iohn Smith, 



CAPTAINS. 

Lowe, 

Richmond, 

Lingan, 

Jos. Smith, 

J. A. Hamilton, 

McFadon, 

Ricketts, 

McPherson, 



.lohn Hamilton. 

G. Hamilton, 

Waters, 

Dyer. 

Bailey. 

Jas. Smith, 

Ponlson. 

Furnival. 



Coates, 



Spurrier. 



Gary, 

Baldwin, 

N. Gassaway, 

Chever, 

Jamison. 

Rawlings, 

Evans, 



LIEUTENANTS. 

Watkins. 

Compton. 

Clements, 

Trueman, 

Nelson, 

Jordan, 

H. Gassaway, 



Basil Burgess. 

Harris, 

Towson, 

Hill, 

Wilkinson. 

Pendergast. 

Hanson. 



Pindle. 



SURGEONS. 

Kendall. 



Kiltv. 



34 ANNALS OF THE 

Order being called, it was proposed by the President to 
appoint a Secretary (pro tem.), General Williams being absent, 
and Capt. Kilty being nominated by Col. Ramsay, was 
appointed. 

The circular letter addressed to the State Societies by the 
General Meeting, and the Institution of the Society as altered 
and amended at the said General Meeting were read by the 
Secretary : — 

{CIMCULAR.) 

From the Society, at their first general meeting, dated 
Philadelphia, May 15th, 1784, and enclosing "the Institution 
of the Society, as altered and amended" at the said meeting. 

[signed] 

George Washington, President. 

Gentlemen : — We, the delegates of the Cincinnati, after the most mature and 
deliberate discussion of the principles and objects of our Society, have thought proper 
to recommend that the enclosed " Institution of the Society of the Cincinnati, as altered 
and amended at their first meeting," should be adopted by yom- State Society. 

In order that our conduct on this occasion may stand approved in the eyes of the 
world, that we may not incur the imputations of obstinacy on the one hand, or levity 
on the other, and that you may be induced more cheerfully to couiply with our recom- 
mendation, we beg leave to communicate the reasons on which we have acted. 

Previous to our laying them before you, we hold it a duty to ourselves and to our 
fellow-citizens, to declare, and we call Heaven to witness the veracity of our declaration, 
that, in our whole agency on this subject, we have been actuated by the purest prin- 
ciples. Not\nthstanding we are thus conscious for ourselves of the rectitude of our 
intentions, in instituting or becoming members of this Fraternity ; and notwithstanding 
we are confident the liighest evidence can be produced from your past, and \nll be given 
by your future behaviour, that you could not have been influenced bj' any other motives 
than those of friendship, patriotism and benevolence, yet, as our designs, in some 
respects, have been misapprehended ; as the instrument of our Association was of neces- 
sity drawn up in a hasty manner, at an epoch as extraordinary as it will be memorable 
in the annals of mankind, — when the mind, agitated by a variety of emotions, was not 
at liberty to attend minutely to every circumstance which respected om' social connec- 
tion, or to digest our ideas into so correct a form as could have been wished ; as the 
original Institution appeared, in the opinion of many respectable characters, to have 
comprehended objects which are deemed incompatible nith the genius and spirit of the 
confederation ; and as, in this case, it would eventually frustrate our purposes, and be 
productive of consequences which we had not foreseen — therefore, to remove every 
cause of inquietude, to annihilate every source of jealousy, to designate explicitly the 
ground on which we wish to stand, and to give one more proof that the late Otficera of 
the American Army have a claim to be reckoned among the most faithful citizens ; we 
have agreed that the following material alterations and amendments shall take place : 

That the hereditary succession should be abolished ; that all interference with 
political subjects should be done away ; and that the funds should be placed under the 



CINCINNATI OF MARYLAND. 35 

immediate cognizance of the several lef;islatin-es, who should also be requested to grant 
Charters for more eflectiially carrying our humane designs into execution. 

In giving our reasons for the alteration in the first article, we must ask your indul- 
gence, while we call your attention to the original occasion which induced us to form 
ourselves into a Society of Friends. 

Having lived in the strictest habits of amity through the various stages of a 
war unparalleled in many of its circumstances ; having seen the olijects for whicli we 
contended happily attained ; in the moment of triumi)h and separation, when we were 
about to act the last pleasing, melancholy scene in our military drama — iileasing, be- 
ca.u!-e we were to leave our country possessed of independence an<l peace ; melancholy, 
because we were to part, perhaps never to meet again — while every heart was pene- 
trated with feelings which can be more easily conceived than described ; while every 
little act of tenderness recurred fresh to the recollection, it was impossible not to 
nnsh our friendships should be C(intinue<l ; it was extremely natural to desire they might 
be perpetuated by our Posterity to the remotest ages. With these imiiressions and with 
such sentiments we candidly confess we signed the Institution. We know oui' motives 
were irreproachable ; but finding it aiiprehended by many of our countrymen, that 
this would be drawing an unjustitiable line of cUscrimination between our descendants 
and the rest of the community, and avei-se to the creation of unnecessary and un- 
pleasing distinctions, we could not hesitate to relinquish everything but our jjereonal 
friendships, of which we cannot be divested ; and those acts of beneficence, which it is 
our intention should flow from them. 

With views equally i-uire and disinterested, we jiropose to use our collective infiuence 
in support of that government, and confirmation of that union, the establishment of 
which has engaged so consiileraljle a part of our lives ; but learning from a variety of 
information, that this is ileemed an officious and improper interference, and that if we 
are not charged with having sinister designs, yet we are accused of arrogating too much, 
and assuming the guardianshi|) of the liberties of our Country. Thus circumstanced, 
we could not think of opposing ourselves to the concurring opinions of our fellow- 
citizens, however founded, or of giving anxiety to those whose happiness it is our duty 
and interest to promote. 

We come next to speak of the charitable part of our Institution, which we esteem 
the basis of it. By placing your fund in the hands of the Legislature of your State, and 
letting them see the application of it is to the best of purposes, you will demonstrate 
the integrity of your actions, as well as the rectitude of your principles ; and having con- 
vinced them your intentions are only of a friendly and benevolent nature, we are 
induced to believe they n-ill iiatronize a design which they cannot but approve; that 
they will foster the good dispositions and encourage the beneficent acts of those who 
are disposed to make use of the most effectual and most unexceptionable mode of 
relieving the distressed. For this purpose it is to be hoped that Charters may be 
obtained in consequence of the applications which are directed to be made. 

It is also judged most proper that the admission of members should be submitted 
to the regulation of such Charters; because by thus acting in conformity to the senti- 
ments of government, we not only give another instance of our reliance upon it, but of 
our disposition to remove every source of uneasiness respecting om- Society. 

We trust it has not escaped youi- attention, gentlemen, that the only objects of 
which we are desirious to preserve the remembrance, are of such a nature as cannot be 
displeasing to our countrymen or unprofitable to posterity. We have retained accord- 
ingly those devices which recognize the manner of returning to our citizenship ; not ae 
ostentatious marks of discrimination, but as pledges of our friendship, and emblems, 
whose appearance will never permit us to deviate from the paths of virtue. .-Vnd we 



36 ANNALS OF THE 

presume, in this place, it may not lie inexpedient to inform you, that these are con- 
sidered as the most endearintr tokens of friendship, and held in the highest estimation, 
by such of our allies as have become entitled to them, by havinu- contributed their per- 
sonal services to the estabUshment of our inde))endence — that these gentlemen, who are 
among the fii-st in rank and reputation, have been permitted by their Sovereign to hold 
this grateful memorial of our reciprocal affections — and that this fraternal intercourse 
is viewed by that illustrious Monarch and other distinguished characters, as no small 
additional cement to that harmony and recijirocation of good offices which so happily 
prevail between the two nations. 

Having now relinquished whatever has been found objectionable in our original 
Institution ; having by the deference thus paid to the prevailing sentiments of the com- 
munity, neither, as we conceive, lessened the dignity, nor diminished the consistency of 
character, which it is our ambition to support in the eyes of the present as well as of 
future generations ; having thus removed every possible objection to our remaining 
connected as a Societv, and cherishing our mutual friendships to the close of life ; and 
ha\'ing, as we flatter om'selves, retained in its utmost latitude, and placed upon a more 
certain and permanent foundation, that jirimary article of our Association which respects 
the unfortunate— on these two great original pillars. Friendship and Charity, we rest 
our Institution, and we appeal to your lil)erality, patriotism and magnanimity, to your 
conduct on every other occasion, as well as to the purity of your intentions on the pre- 
sent, for the ralificcUion of our proceedings. At the same time we are happy in express- 
ing a full confidence in the candour, justice and integrity of the public, that the 
Institution as now altered and amended will be perfectly satisfactory, and that acts 
of legislative authority will soon be passed to give efficacy to your benevolence. 

Before we conclude this address, permit us to add, that the cultivation of that 
amity we profess, and the extension of this charity, we flatter ourselves, will be objects 
of sufficient importance to prevent a relaxation in the prosecution of them — to diffiise 
comfort and support to any of our unfortunate companions, who have seen better days, 
and merited a milder fate ; to wipe the tear from the eye of the widow, who must have 
been consigned, with her helpless infants, to indigence and wretchedness, but for this 
charitable institution; to succour the fatherless; to rescue the female orphan from 
destruction; to enable the son to emulate the virtues of his father — will be no unpleasing 
'ask. It will communicate happiness to othei's, while it increases our own ; it will 
cheer our solitary reflections, and soothe our latest moments. I^t us, then, prosecute 
with ardour what we have instituted with sincerity ; let Heaven and our own con- 
sciences approve our conduct ; let our actions be the best comment on our words; and 
let us leave a lesson to posterity that the glory of soldiers cannot be completed without 
acting well the pai't of citizens. 



THE INSTITUTION OF THE SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI, AS ALTERED 
AND AMENDED AT THEIR FIRST GENERAL MEETING. 

It having pleased the Supreme Governor of the Universe to give success to the 
arms of our country and to establish the United States, free and independent ; there- 
fore, gratefully to connnemorate this event ; to inculcate to the latest ages the duty of 
laying down in peace, arms assumed for public defence, by forming an Institution 
which recognizes that most important principle ; to continue the mutual friendships 
which commenced under the pressure of common danger; and to effectuate the acts of 
beneficence, dictated by the spirit of brotherly kindness towards those officers and 
their families, who unfortunately may be under the necessity of receiving them; the 



CINCINNATI OF MARYLAND. 37 

Officers of the American Army do hereby constitute themselves into a Society of 
Friends. And, po8.«essini; the highe.st veneration for the character of that illustrious 
Roman, Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus, denominate themselves 

THE SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI. 

Section J. The persons who constitute this Society are all the commissioned and 
brevet Officers of the Army and Navy of the United States, who have served three 
yeai-s, and who left the service with rei)utation; all Officers who were in actual service at 
the conclusion of the war; all the principal Staff" Officers of the Continental Army; and 
the Officers who have been deran<reil by the several resolutions of Congress, upon the 
different reforms of the Army. 

&rf(on //. There are also admitted into tliis Society, the late and present JNlinisters, 
of His Most Cliristian Majesty, to the United States; all the Generals and Colonels of 
regiments and legions of the land forces; all the Admirals and Captains of the Navy, 
ranking as Colonels, who have co-operated with the Armies of the United States in 
their exertions for liberty; and such other pei'sons as have been admitted by the 
respective State Meetings'. 

Section III. The Society shall have a President, Vice-President, Secretary and 
.\ssistant Secretary. 

Section JV. There shall be a meeting of the Society, at least once in three years, 
on the first Monilay in May, at such place as the President shall appoint. 

The said meeting shall consist of the aforesaid Officers (whose expenses shall be 
equally borne by the State funds) and a representation from each State. The business 
of this General Jleeting shall be to regulate the distribution of siu-plus fmids, to appoint 
Officers for the ensuing term, and to conform the By-Laws of State Meetings to the 
general objects of the Institution. 

Section V. The Society shall be divided into State Meetings ; each meeting shall 
have a President, \'ice-President, Secretary and Treasurer, respectively, to be chosen 
by a majority of votes annually. 

Section VI. The State Meetings shall be on the Anniversary of Independence. 
They shall concert such measures as may conduce to the benevolent purposes of the 
Society, and the several State Meetings shall, at suitable periods, make application to 
their respective Legislatures for grants of Charters. 

Section VII. Any member removing from one State to another, is to be considered 
in all respects as belonging to the meeting of the State in which he shall actually reside. 

Section VIII. The State Meeting shall judge of the qualification of its members, 
admonish, and (if necessary) expel anyone \vho may conduct himself unworthily. 

Section IX. The Secretary of each State Meeting shall register the names of the 
members resident in each State, and transmit a copy thereof to the Secretary of the 
Society. 

Section X. In order to form fiinds for the relief of unfortunate members, their 
widows and orphans, each officer shall cleliver to the Treasm-er of the State Meeting 
one month's pay. 

Section XI. No donations shall be received but from citizens of the United States. 

Section XII. The funds of each State Meeting shall be loaned to the State by 
permission of the Legislature, and the interest only annually to be applied for the pur- 
poses of the Society ; and if, in process of time, difficulties should occur in executing the 
intentions of the Society, the Legislatures of the several States shall be requested to 
make such equitable dispositions as may be most correspondent with the original design 
of the Institution. 



38 ANNALS OF THE 

^Section XIII. The subjects of His Most Cliristian Majesty, members of this Society, 
may hold meetings at tlieir pleasure, and form regulations for their police conformably 
to the objects of the Institution and to the spirit of their government. 

Sedion XIV. The Society shall have an Order, which shall be a bald eagle of 
gold, bearing on its breast the emblems hereafter described, suspended by a deep blue 
ribbon edged with wliite, descriptive of the union of America and France. The prin- 
cipal tigure, Cincinnalat<; three senators presenting him with a sword and other military 
ensigns. On a lield in the backgrouml, his wife standing at the door of their cottage ; 
near it a plough and other implements of liusbandry. Round the whole, Omnia relinquil 
sen-are rcinpublicam. On the reverse, sun rising, a city with open gates and vessels 
entering the port ; Fame crowning Cincinnatus with a wreath inscribed, Virtulis 
prmnmin. Below, liauds joined, supporting a heart, with the motto, Esto perpetua. 
Round the whole, liocietas Cincinnalonmi Insliluta, A. D. 178S. 

/Section XV. A silver medal, representing the emblems, to be given to each 
member of the Society, together with a diploma on parchment, whereon shall be 
impressed the figm'es of the order and medal, as above mentioned. 

July 6, 1784. 

Jtesolved, uuauimously, that this meeting do approve of, 
and agree to, the alterations and amendments of the Institution 
of the Cincinnati, recommended by the Generial Meeting, held 
at Philadelphia on the first Monday of May last, and do hereby 
ratify and conlirm the same. 

Besoltied, that pursuant to a resolution of the meeting, en- 
tered into on this day, we do hereby promise to subscribe en- 
grossed copies of the Institution, as soon as convenient after 
they are prepared; and we do engage to conform in every re- 
spect to the spirit and intention of the said Institution, as it is 
altered and amended by the General Meeting. 

Besolved, that the subscribers to the original Institution 
be at liberty, at any time, to subscribe the Institution as altered 
and amended; and that none others be i)ermitted to subscribe 
the same, but such as shall be judged eligible by this, or a future. 
State Meeting. 

Resolved, that Lieut. -Col. Forrest, Doctor Walter Warfleld, 
Lieut. David Luckett, Capt' Arch'd McCalister, Rev'd James 
Armstrong, Doctor David Morrow, Doctor Samuel Morrow, Capt. 
William Campbell, Capt. Levin Handy, Doctor Elisha Harrison, 
Lieut. Jas. Bracco, Major D. Hopkins, Lieut. Geo. Winchester, 
Capt. John Gale, Lieut. Jas. Ewing, Capt. Geo. Handy, Major 
Alex. Roxburg, Lieut. John Lynn, Capt. David Lynn, Lieut. 
Osborn Williams, Major Marbury, Lieut. Nathan Wright, Major 
J. C. Jones, Lieut. Bazil Waring, Capt. Tho. H. Luckett, Lieut. 



CINCINNATI OF MARYLAND. 39 

Joshua Rutledge, Doctoi- Jacob Hall, Lieut. Joshua Burgess, 
Lieut. Towson and Lieut. McCoy — being mentioned and vouched 
for in this meeting, are considered as eligible to become mem- 
bers of the Society of the Cincinnati, and are at liberty to sub- 
scribe. 

Resolved, that a Committee of Five be appointed to draw up 
and present to the General Assembly of the State of Maryland, 
an address, representing the circumstances of the Society of the 
Cincinnati; praying them to consider the principles upon which 
the Institution is founded; and that they will be pledged to 
encourage the benevolent intentions of the same by accepting 
the funds of the Society, and confirming the Institution by a 
Charter, in such form as may be most consistent with the spirit 
of Government. 

The ballots being taken, the Hon. Major-Gen'l Smallwood, 
Brig. -Gen' 1 Williams, Col. Ramsay, Major Richmond and 
Major Wright were elected u Committee for the aforesaid 
purpose. 

A letter from the Commissioner of Army Accounts being 
read. 

Resolved, that Gen'l Smallwood be requested to answer the 
same according to the best intelligence he can obtain on the 
subject; and to take such steps in the business as will further 
as much as possible the settlement of the accounts of the Mary- 
land Line. 

The officers of the Maryland Line, present in this meeting, 
request that Gen'l Smallwood will be pleased to acquaint Major 
Brown and Capt. John Hamilton, that it is the desire of the 
officers that they will please to act as agents for the settling the 
accounts of the Line and Maryland Artillery; which x'equest 
being made by Gen'l Smallwood, Major Brown and Capt. Ham- 
ilton accepted the appointment. 

The meeting proceeded to the choice of officers for the State 
Society for the ensuing year ; and the ballots being taken, the 
following gentlemen were duly elected: — 

The Hon'ble Major-Gen'l Smallwood, President. 

His Excellency Gov'r Paca, Vice-President. 

Captain Kilty, Secretary. 

Colonel Ramsay, Treasurer. 



40 ANNALS OF THE 

The meeting next went into the choice of Delegates to the 
Ueueral Society; and the ballots being taken, the Hon'ble 
Major-G-en'l Smallwood, Brig.-Gen'l Williams, Col. Ramsay, 
His Excellency (xov'r Paca, and Captain .Jordan were duly 
elected. 

July 7, 1784. 

Resolved, that (»n the application of any (xentleman claim- 
ing to become a member of this Society, his admission shall be 
by Ballot; and that not less than two-thirds of the members 
present agreeing .shall be sufficient to admit him into this 
Society. 

Ordered, that tlie Secretary wait on Gov'r Paca and inform 
him of his appointment as Vice-President. 

And the meeting was adjourned without day. 

JULY 4, 1785. 

The Secretary read a letter from Capt. Pasche in behalf of 
Doctor Felix Texier and Lieut. Roth, of Pulaski's Legion, re- 
questing their admission into the Meeting of this State; where- 
upon, the Members present, in conformity to a resolution passed 
in the last meeting, proceeded to ballot for the said Officers, 
when it a^jpeared that they were duly admitted; and the Secre- 
tary (they being absent) was directed to enter their names. 

Resolved, unanimously, that the Committee of FiA'e ap- 
pointed at tlie li)st State Meeting to address the General Assem- 
bly, or any three of them, be authorized to petition Congress to 
recommend to the Legislature of the State of Maryland to make 
provision for the payment of Interest on commutation and final 
settlement certificates, granted to the Officers and Soldiers of 
the late Maryland Line ; and to petition the General Assembly 
to grant the same. 

OCTOBER 18, 1785. 

The Secretary read a letter from the Secretary of the State 
Meeting in North Carolina, containing information respecting 
the condition of the Society in that State, and enclosing a copy 
of its rules and regulations. 

Resolved, that the Secretary acknowledge the I'eceipt of the 
aforesaid letter and its enclosure; and that he acquaint the Sec- 
retary of the Cincinnati in North Carolina, that at the meeting 



CINCINNATI OF MARYLAND. 41 

of July, 1784, in this State, a Committee of Five was appointed 
to address tlie General Assembly for a Charter, but with dis- 
cretionary powers as to the time; and that no suitable i^eriod 
having offered, the application continues suspended. 

October 19, 1785. 

It being too apparent that the warm s^jirit of friendship, 
with which the Officers of the late Maryland Line were actuated 
in the infancy of this Institution, is suffering a rapid declen- 
sion; and it appearing to the Members present in this Meeting 
that, besides the grent fraternal motive which prompts them 
to lament the indifference seemingly shown to a league of friend- 
ship, embraced at first with such ardour, many matters of the 
greatest importance want discussion, which ought not to be de- 
cided on but in a full meeting. 

Resolmd. that the President be requested to call on the 
Members of the Society in this State to give their punctual 
attendance on the 4th of July next. 

JULY 5, 1786. 

Resolved, that His Excellency Gov. Smallwood, Brig.-Gen'l 
Williams, Col. Stone, Major Davidson and Doctor Kilty, or any 
three or more of them, be a Committee for the purpose of ad- 
dressing the Legislature on the subject of the lands ju-omised 
to the Officers and Soldiers of the Maryland Line in the western 
part of this State 

Capt. John Nicholson, late an Officer in the Navy of the 
United States, applied for admission into the Society, and being 
balloted for, was duly admitted. 

OCTOBER 19, 1787. 

The Secretary read a letter from His Excellency General 
Washington : — 

.Mount Vkr.non, in \'ikgini.\, 

October 31st, 1786. 

[CIRCULAR.} 

Sir;— I take this early opportunity, in my character of President of tlie Cincinnati, 
of announcing to you, thut the triennial General Meeting of the Society is to be con- 
vened at the city of Philailelphia on the first Monday of May, in the year 1787. 

.\s it will not be in my power (for reat-ons which I shall have the honor of immedi- 
ately communicating) to attend the next General Meeting; and as it may become more 



42 ANNALS OF THE 

and more inconvenient for me to be absent from my farms, or to receive appointments 
which shall divert me from my private affairs; I think it proper also to acquaint you, for 
the information of your Delegates to the General Meeting, that it is my desire not to be 
re-elected to the Presidency, since I should find myself under the necessity of declining 
the acceptance of it. 

The numerous applications for information, advice, or assistance wliich are made to 
me in consequence of my military command ; the multiplicity of my correspondencies in 
this Country, as well as in many parts of Europe; the variety and perplexity of my own 
private concerns, which having been much deranged by my absence through the war, 
demand my entire and unremitting attention; the arduousness of the task, in which I 
have been as it were, unavoidaljly engaged, of superintending the opening the naviga- 
tion of the great Rivers in this State; the natural ilesire of tranquility and relaxation from 
business, which almost everyone experiences at my time of life, particularly after having 
acted (during a considerable period) as no idle spectator in uncommonly busy and im- 
portant scenes; and the present imbecility of my health, occasioned by a violent attack 
of the fever and ague, succeeded by rheumatick pains (to which until of late I have been 
an entire stranger); will, I doubt not, be consiilered as reasons of sufficient validity to 
justify my conduct in the present instance. 

Although the whole of these reasons could not have before operated; yet, in con- 
formity to my determination of passing the remainder of my days in a state of retire- 
ment, I should certainh' have refused to accept the ofhce of President with which I was 
honored in 1784, but from an apprehension that my refusal, at that time, might have 
been misrepresented as a kind of dereliction of the Society on my pai't; or imputed to a 
disapprobation of the principles on wliich it was then estal)lished. 

To convince the opposers of the Institution, should any such remain, that this was 
not the fact; and to give no colourable pretext for unreasonable attacks; I prevailed 
upon myself to accept the appointment with a view of holding it only until the next 
election; before which time 1 expected the jealousy that had been excited, would sub- 
side — and this, I am happy to be informed, has universally taken place. 

Highly approving as I do, the principles on which the Society is now constituted; 
and pleased to find, so far as I liave been able to learn from reiterated enquiries, that it 
is acceptable to the good people of the United States in general; it only remains for me 
to express the sense I entertain of the lionor conferred by the last General Meeting in 
electing me their President, and to implore in future the benediction of Heaven on the 
virtuous associates in this illustrious Institution. 

During the residue of my continuance in office, I shall be constantly ready to sign 
such Diplomas as may be requisite for the Members of your State Society, being sincerely 
desh'ous of giving every possible proof of attachment, esteem, and of affection for them; 
as well as of demonstrating the sentiments of perfect consideration and respect with 
which 

I have the honor to be. Sir, 

Y'r most Obed't and most H'ble Serv't, 

George W.^shington. 

P. S. — I have thought it expedient to forward a transcript of this circular addressed 
to Maj. -General Gates, Vice-President of the Society, in order that the General Meet- 
ing may suffer no embarrassment for want of an official character to preside at the 
opening of it. 

The President op the Society of the Cincinnati — 

State of Maryland. 



CINCINNATI OF MARYLAND. 43 

, The Secretary also read a circular letter from Alex. Hamil- 
ton, Jas. Duane and Wm. Diier, a Committee of Correspondence 
for the State Meeting of New York. 

Capt. Edward Hall, late of Forman's Regiment, reqnested 
to be received into the Society, and being accejjted, subscribed 
the Institution. 

The Institution (as altered and amended) was likewise 
subscribed by the following gentlemen, who were previously 
qualified to become members, viz.: — Major John Lynch, Capt. 
Hezekiah Foard, Col. John Eager Howard, Lt. Joshua Rutledge, 
Major John Swan, Lt. Thos. Beatty, Lt. T. A. Dyson, Lt. Edward 
Compton, Lt. Thos. Rowse, Lt. Isaac Rawlings, Capt. Sam. 
McPherson, Doctor Daniel Jenifer, Major Hopkins, Doctor 
Keene, Capt. Mason, Capt. B. Price, Lt. Nathan Wright, and 
Capt. Fitzhugh. 

October 20, 1787. 

The Society proceeded to ballot for live Delegates to repre- 
sent this State Society in the General Meeting, and the ballot 
being examined the following gentlemen were declared duly 
elected, viz.: — Gen'l Williams, Col. Howard, Col. Smith, (ien'l 
Smallwood and Major Davidson. 

Resolved, that the aforesaid gentlemen, or any one or 
more of them, be authorized to represent this Society in the 
General Meeting to be held in Philadelphia in May next ; and 
to reconsider, and if necessary, to agree to an alteration oi- 
amendment of the Institution of the Society of the Cincinnati; 
and it is recommended to the aforesaid Delegates, as the earnest 
wish of this meeting, that the Original Institution of the Society 
be adhered to as nearly as possible. The gentlemen being left 
to their discretion in the adojjtion of any alterations that may 
be proposed ; and that some mode may be established for per- 
petuating the Society instead of the right of Primogeniture, as 
laid down in the said Original Institution. 

Resolved, that a Committee of Correspondence be appointed, 
to continue until the end of the next annual meeting. 

The ballot being taken, Capt. Richmond, Capt. Kilty, 
Gen'l Williams, Col. Smith and Col. Howard were duly elected. 

Resolved, that the aforesaid Committee answer the circular 
letter from the Committee of Correspondence in New York, and 



44 ANNALS OF THE 

inform them that their proceedings have been received and 
read ; and that the Delegates of this State appointed to rej^re- 
sent the Society in the next G-eneral Meeting, are authorized to 
reconsider, and if necessary, to agree to an alteration and 
amendment of the Institution of the Society. 

Besolved, that the Treasurer procure the order, medals and 
blank diplomas for tlie Members of this Society, who shall 
subscribe for the same. 

Resolved, that a fund be created by loan from tlie Members 
of this Society to be lodged with the Treasurer, and to be at 
the disposition of the Delegates appointed to represent this 
Society in the General Meeting, of a sum adequate to the pay- 
ment of our quota of the amount required by the last General 
Meeting, and that the same be assessed on the Members in pro- 
portion to their rank and pay in the late American Anny. 

OCTOBER 31, 1788. 

Captain John Kilty acquaints the meeting that it is not 
convenient for him to continue in the office of Secretary. 

The members next went into the choice of Officers for the 
ensuing year, when the following gentlemen were declared 
duly elected, viz.: — 

His Excellency Governor Smallwood, President. 

General Williams, Vice-President. 

Lieut. Denny, Secretary. 

Captain Richmond, Treasurer. 

OCTOBER 28, 1790. 

Resolved, That the Secretary be authorized to call on the 
subscribers to the loan, made at the meeting of this Society in 
October, 1787, for their subscriptions; and also to call on all 
non-subscribing members for a loan of not less than two dollars, 
as their proportion of the demand made by the General Society 
to reimburse Major L' Enfant, and to answer the contingent 
expenses of the Society. 

Resolved, that Governor Howard, Captain John Kilty, 
Colonel Stone and Major John Davidson be a Committee to take 
council on the subject of an application to the Legislature of 



CINCINNATI OF MARYLAND. 45 

this State, for the purpose of obtaining a Charter for the 
Society ; if it shall ajipear to them that a Charter can be 
obtained on terms eligible for the Society, that they shall apply 
for the same, and that they are appointed Trustees to vest the 
money, subscribed by the members of this Society, in the 
funds of the United States, and that they shall deliver the 
Certificate they receive into the hands of the Treasurer. 

[Note. — All mep.tiiiq.s since the nho^e have been held in 
Baltimore. ] 

NOVEMBER 14, 1792. 

List of Delegates to the General Society : — 

General 0th o H. Williams, Colonel Levin Winder, 

Colonel John H. Stone, Colonel John Eccleston, 

Major Christophei' Richmond. 

Resolred, that the aforesaid gentlemen, or any one or more 
of them, be authorized to represent this State Society in the 
General Meeting to be held in Philadelphia in May next ; and 
to reconsider, and if necessary, agree to an alteration or amend- 
ment of the Institution of the Society of the Cincinnati ; and 
it is recommended to the aforesaid Delegates, as the earnest 
wish of this meeting, that the Original Institution of the Society 
be adhered to as nearly as possible. The gentlemen being 
left to their discretion in the adoption of any alteration that 
may be proposed; and that some mode may be established for 
perpetuating the Society instead of the right of Primogeniture, 
as laid down in the said Original Institution ; and the said 
Delegates, or any one or more of them, are empowered on the 
behalf of this State Society to make the alteration aforesaid, 
and ratify the Institution, when amended, so as to be binding 
on the whole, the Delegates from nine States being present. 

JULY 4, 1798. 

Ordered, that a Committee of Three, consisting of the 
President, Vice-President and Secretary, be appointed to cor- 
respond with the different State Societies on the subject of the 
Institution of the said Society, and to report their proceedings 
to the next meeting. 



46 ANNALS OF THE 

OCTOBER 8, 1798. 

The proceedings of the General Society of the Cincinnati, 
held at Philadelpliia on May 6, 1796, were laid before this meet- 
ing and read. 

Resolved^ that John H. Stone, John E. Howard, Nathaniel 
Ramsay, Samuel Smith and John Kilty be, and they are hereby 
appointed. Delegates to represent this State Society at the 
General Meeting, to be held at the City of Philadelphia on the 
first Monday of May next. 

Resolved, that the aforesaid gentlemen, or any one or more 
of them, be authorized to represent this State Society in the 
said General Meeting, and to reconsider, and if necessary, agree 
to an alteration or amendment of the Institution of the Society 
of the Cincinnati : and it is recommended, as the earnest wish 
of this meeting, that the Original Institution of the Society be 
adhered to as nearly as possible. The aforesaid Delegates being 
left to their discretion in the adoption of any alteration that 
may be proposed, and that some mode may be established for 
perpetuating the Society instead of the right of Primogeniture, 
as laid down in the Original Institution, which ai'ticle they are 
instructed to rescind or modify, as may seem most advisable ; 
and the said Delegates, or any one or more of them, are hereby 
empowered on the behalf of this State Society to make the 
alteration aforesaid, and ratify the Institution, when amended, 
so as to be binding on the whole, the Delegates from seven 
States being present. 

JULY 4, 1799. 

Resolved, that Colonel Josias Carvel Hall, Gen'l John Swan 
and Colonel John Gale be added to the Delegates, who were 
appointed in October last, to attend the General Meeting, to be 
held in the City of Philadelphia on the first Monday in May 
next. 

Resolved, that John H. Stone, John E. Howard, Nathaniel 
Ramsay, Samuel Smith, John Kilt\% Josias Carvel Hall, John 
Swan and John Gale, or any one or more of them, be authorized 
to represent this State Society in the said General Meeting, and 
to reconsider, and if necessary, agree to an alteration or amend- 
ment of the Institution of the Society of the Cincinnati ; and 



CINCINNATI OF MARYLAND. 47 

it is recommended, as the earnest wisli of this meeting, that the 
Original Institution of the Society be adhered to as nearly as 
possible. The aforesaid Delegates being left to their discretion 
in the adoption of any alteration that may be proposed, pro- 
vided, that some mode be established for perpetuating the 
Society instead of the right of Primogeniture, as laid down in 
the Original Institution, which article they are instructed to 
rescind or modify, as may seem most advisable; and the said 
Delegates, or any one or more of them, are hereby empowered 
on behalf of this State Society to make the alteration aforesaid, 
and ratify the Institution when amended, so as to be binding 
on the whole, the Delegates from seven States being present. 

Resolved, as the opinion of this Society, that the consent 
of seven States in General Meeting be competent to make such 
alterations in the Original Institution as may be thought 
advantageous and necessary to the Society. 

JULY 4, 1803. 

Resolved, that a Committee of nine members be appointed, 
consisting of Colonel Howard, Colonel Ramsay, Colonel Hall, 
General Smith, Major Gale, General Stone, Major Chapman, 
Captains Nelson and Hughes be, and they are hereby appointed, 
a Committee to consider and report at the next meeting of this 
Society, the best and most eligible mode of perpetuating the 
said Society, and that any three, or more, of the said Committee 
be a Board to carry into etfect the object of this Resolution. 

APRIL 13, 1805. 

The Society proceeded to elect Delegates to represent this 
State Society at the General Meeting, to be held in the City of 
Philadelphia on the first Monday in May next. 

Resolved, that Colonel John Eager Howard, General John 
Swan and Colonel Nathaniel Ramsay be, and they are hereby 
appointed. Delegates to represent this State Society at the Gen- 
eral Meeting, to be held in the City of Philadelphia on the first 

Monday in May next. 

JULY 4, 1807. 

Resolved, unanimously, that it is highly desirable to per- 
petuate the Society. 



48 ANNALS OF THE 

Resolved, unanimously, that on an application being made 
by the son or collateral branch of any member of this Society, 
by himself, or a member, or of any member of the Society of the 
Cincinnati from any other State, such application shall be sub- 
mitted to the Society at their Annual Meeting, on the fourth of 
July, who shall by ballot, at the next Annual Meeting, express 
their determination. Provided, that no person shall be admitted 
under twenty years of age, nor unless he shall have the votes of 
two-thirds of the members present in his favour, and provided, 
that at no time there shall be admitted into the Society more 
than one from any one family. 

These Resolutions having been agreed to, the sons of sev- 
eral living Revolutionary Officers were recommended for elec- 
tion at the next Annual Meeting. 

JULY 4, 1808. 

Ordered, that Colonel John Eager Howard, Colonel Josias 
Carvel Hall and Colonel Nathaniel Ramsay be, and they are 
hereby appointed, a Committee on behalf of this Society, to pre- 
pare and report to this Society, at their next meeting, a form for 
a Certificate, to be given to those gentlemen who have been, and 
those who may be, elected members of the Society of the Cin- 
cinnati, and that a copy of said Certificate be recorded on their 
proceedings. 

The sons of Gen. Williams, Gen. Smith, Captain Barney, 
Captain James Smith, Gen. Swan, Col. Howard and Captain 
Morris were elected members of the Society. 

JULY 4, 1809. 

Resolved, that those who may hereafter be elected members 
of this Society, shall each pay to the Treasurer, for the use of 
said Society, in order to increase the funds of the said Society, 
Thirty Dollars. 

JULY 4, 1810. 

Resolved, that Captain John Kilty, Captain Robert Denny 
and Major Henry M. Chapman, be a Committee for the purpose 
of reporting to the next meeting of this Society the probable 
expense of reducing to print the principles upon which the 
said Society has been established ; connecting therewith a list 



riNCINXATI OK MAKYLANn. 40 

of tlie original subscribers to the Institution, and of the mem- 
bers since admitted tlierein ; also, what of the proceedings of 
the said Society it would be expedient thus to preserve, as 
well as what otlier matter the said work should contain. 

A form of Certificate to be granted to the members who 
have been, or may be elected as members, was laid before the 
Society, and agreed to, in the following form: — 

Be it Kxown thai Esquire, 

.fon of. an original viemher 

of the Society of the Cincinnati, has been duly elected and 
admitted into the l^ociety of the Cincinnati of the State of 
Maryland, and that he is entitled to all the rights and privi- 
leges of the Inst itut ion. 

In Testimony wiierkof, me. the President and Vice- 
President of said Society, have hereunto set our hands at the 

this day of 

in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and 

, and in the year of 

the Independence of the United States. 

President. 

By order, 

Vice-President. 



Secretary . 

JUNE 25, 1811. 

At a special meeting. Col. Josias Carvel Hall was unani- 
mously elected a Delegate to attend a General Meeting of the 
Society in Philadelphia on 'id July next, with full powers to 
represent the Society of Maryland. 

JULY 4, 1817. 

Resolved, that this Society concur with other Societies of 
the Cincinnati to send a Delegate to Washington for the pur- 
pose of urging on Congress the claims of the Officers of the 



50 ANNALS OF THE 

Revolution. That the President be requested to suggest tlie 
propriety of this j^lan to tlie Society of Pennsylvania, and in 
case of concurrence, to aj)point the Delegate of this Society. 

JULY 4, 1818. 

The Committee to whom was referred the order of the 
Cincinnati of Maryland "to report a plan for the admission of 
Honorary Members," report that they have to regret the loss 
of one of their members by the death of their brother in arms, 
Colonel Nathaniel Ramsay ; the want of his aid has prevented 
the Committee from being able to report any definite conclusion. 
The remaining members have considered the order and have 
found it subject to no little difficulty. They are of opinion 
that, if the Society be open to the admission of such as might 
be deemed men of merit, it might open the door to the intro- 
duction of persons on party principles, and tend to the destruc- 
tion of that friendship) and harmony which has heretofore 
existed in the Society. 

Resolved, that the Citizens of Maryland who have been, or 
now are. Officers in the Army or Navy of the United States, 
and who have received the thanks of Congress for their gallant 
conduct during the late war with Great Britain, may be admitted 
as Honorary Members of the Society of the Cincinnati of 
Maryland, on the day of their nomination, provided, that the 
persons nominated shall receive the vote of two-thirds of the 
members present in their favour. 

JULY 4, I82L 

A letter was received from Col. Laval requesting to be 
informed whether he could be admitted to the Society. The 
President was requested to return for answer, that under the 
Original Institution the Generals and the Colonels of the Army 
of Count de Rochambeau were admitted to the Society, and that 
this Society do not properly admit any but Citizens of Maryland. 

JULY 4, 1824. 

The following Preamble and Resolutions were read and 
adopted : — 



CINCINXATI oy MAKVLAND. SI 

Whereas, there is every reason to believe that General 
Lafayette will shortly visit the United States, and that the 
City of Baltimore will be included in his tour, and as the 
Society of the Cincinnati of the State of Maryland would take 
great pleasure on this expected event to pay every possible 
honor and attention to its distinguished brother soldier-in-arms; 
therefore be it 

Resolved, that at the arrival of General Lafayette in this 
country, the President be retpiested to invite him to a dinner 
to be given by the Society of the Cincinnati of Maryland. 

Resolved, that the President request the attendance of tlie 
members of the Cincinnati throughout the State to unite in 
paying the contemplated honors to Gen'l Lafayette. 

Resolved, that on the arrival of Gen'l Lafayette in America, 
the President convene this Society to make the necessary 
preparatory arrangements. 

SEPTEMBER 6, 1824. 

In conformity with the Resolutions of the Society of the 
Cincinnati of Maryland at the meeting of 4th July, 1824, the 
following Circular was addi-essed to each member : — 

Baltimore, September "ind, 18".'4. 
Dear Sir : — The ''Society of the Cincinnati," at tlieir meeting, resolved, that on the 
arrival of General Lafayette in this country, the President lie requested to invite him 
to a dinner to be given by the Society ; ami that the Pre."ideut request the attendance 
of the absent niembei's of the Society, throughout the State, to unite in paying the con- 
templated honours to General Lafayette. 

We expect the arrival of General I>afayette in this city, about the fifteenth oi- 
twentieth of this month, but the precise time is uncertain, nor can we calculate on his 
remaining here more than a day or two. 

As probably we shall have but a veiy short notice of the tiuie of the (jeneral's 
arrival here, we shall not l)e able to give you information thereof by letter, and therefore 
conceive you had better depend on the newspapers for the General's movements. 
I am very respectfully, Dear Sir, 

Your most obedient servant, 
[sig.sedJ .Ion.\ E. Howauh. 

And in further obedience to the aforesaid resolutions of 
the Society, a meeting was held at the chambers of the City 
Council in Baltimore, for the purpose of making suitable 
arrangements for the reception of General Lafayette, upon his 
arrival in Baltimore ; when it was, unanimously. 



52 ANNALS OF THE 

Besolved, that the thanks of the Society be given to 
George W. P. Cnstis, Esquire, for the voluntary offer of the 
loan of the venerable Tent of Washington, to lie used at their 
apin-oaching meeting with their illustrious comrade, General 
Lafayette. 

The aforesaid offer from Mr. Custis having been made to 
tlie President of the Society by letter, bearing date the 26th 
August, which was previously read, as also a letter from Mr. 
Custis to the President, informing that the Tent had been 
forwarded. 

Resolved, that Major Barney, Mr. B. W. Hall and Dr. R. 
W. Hall take order for the proper reception and safe keeping 
of the Tent, and for its erection in the star part of Fort Mc- 
Henry. 

A letter from General Lafayette, a copy of which follows, 
addressed to the President of the Society, was then read : — 

Boston, August 29th, 182-1. 

.Mv Dear Fribno: — With much pleasure and gratitude I have rereived your 

letter August 18th, inchiding an affectionate resolution of my old companions in ai'ms 

whom I hoi^e to meet in the State of Maryland before the end of next month. Hajipy 

I will be to find myself among you my dear brother sohliers, after so long an absence. 

Keceive my grateful friendship and regard, 

Lafayette. 

And Gen'l Samuel Smith, Chairman of the Joint Commit- 
tee of Arrangement, having communicated to the Society a 
Resolution of that Committee, inviting the Society (if they 
should deem it proper) to send a deputation to Frenchtown 
with the dej^utation from the city, to receive Gen'l Lafayette. 

Mesolved, that a Committee, consisting of General Samuel 
Smith and Colonel Paul Bentalou. should proceed with the 
deputation from tlie city to receive Gen'l Lafayette at French- 
town, in the name of the Society. 

Besoltied, that Major Barney, Mr. B. W. Hall and Dr. 
Richard W. Hall be a Committee to make the necessary arrange- 
ments for the dinner, to be given to General Lafayette. 

Resolced, that the Society will assemble under the Tent of 
Washington on the day of the arrival of General Lafayette, 
there to receive and welcome him. 

Resolved, that General Lafayette be invited to dine with 
the Society on the day after his arrival in Baltimore. 



CINCINNATI OF MARYLAND. 53 

Resolved, that the President, Vice-President and Colonel 
Bentalou be a Committee to invite such persons to the dinner, 
to be given to General Lafayette, as they may think [iroijer. 

OCTOBER 6, 1824. 

Besolveel, that the Society assemble to-morrow at the house 
of Gen. Strieker on Charles St., at 7 A. M. 

Resolved, that the President present an address to Gen. 
Lafayette on his arrival within the Tent of Washington. 

JULY 4, 1825. 

Col. Howard submitted to the Society a letter fiom General 
Lafayette to him, recommending the admission into the Society 
of Lieutenant-Geueral Charles Baron D'Aurier, accompanied 
with certificates of his having served in the French Army dur- 
ing the Revolutionary War. Also a letter from Gen'l D'Aurier 
to Col. Howard, requesting that he may be admitted; which 
being duly considered, it was proposed by Col. Howard that the 
Society do now go into a ballot for the admission of Geu'l 
D'Aurier, when he was unanimously elected a member; and on 
motion of Gen'l S. Smith, the Secretary was requested to have 
a special diploma prepared on vellum. 

George Washington Lafayette, son of General Lafayette, 
an original member, was then proposed by Gen'l S. Smith, and 
was duly admitted a member of the Society; the rule making it 
obligatory to nominate at one Annual Meeting and only elect at 
the following Annual Meeting, being previously suspended, as 
in the case of Gen'l D'Aurier. The Secretary, on motion of 
Gen'l S. Smith, was desired to have a diploma prepared (on 
vellum) according to the form prescribed by the Society. 

To meet the expenses attendant upon the reception of Gen. 
Lafayette, the Trustees were authorized to sell two shares of 
stock of the Bank of Baltimore. 

JULY 4, 1828. 

The apidication of Geo. \V. P. Custis to be admitted a 
member, with a letter from Col. Trumbull on the subject, was 
taken up, when it was 



54 ANNALS OF THK 

Resolted, tliat a copy or transcript of so much of the con- 
stitution of tlie Society, as rekites to the admission of the de- 
scendants of Officers, who died in the service, be transmitted to 
Mr. Custis by the Secretary, and inform him that the Society will 
be happy In receiving from him such testimony as will bring 
his case within the provisions of the constitution. 

Resolved, that the venerable Cliarles Carroll of Carrollton 
be. and he is liereby elected, an honorary member of this Society, 
and that the Secretary wait upon him in pej-sou, notify him of 
the appointment, and state to him that the Society do them- 
selves the honor to consider him an honorary member of their 
body, and at same time, invite him to attend at each annual 

meeting thereof. 

JULY 4, 1829. 

A letter from (ieorge Washington Park Custis to the Soci- 
ety, through the Secretary, in answer to one he was directed to 
Avrite to Mr. Custis, at the last annual meeting was read and put 
on lile; — when it was determined l)y the Meeting that his appli- 
cation to become a member did not come within the construction 
given to the constitution of the Society, therefore that the Sec- 
retary do address him a letter in reply, informing him that his 
case not coming within the terms of the constitution, the Society 
feels itself reluctantly compelled to decline acting farther on 

his application. 

JULY 4, 1831. 

Resolved, that in consideration of the distinguished gal- 
lantry displayed by Col. George E. Mitchel and Col. Nathan 
Towson, during the late war, they be now elected honorary 
members of the Society of the Cincinnati of Maryland, and that 
the President transmit to each of them a copy of this Reso- 
lution. 

JULY 4, 1834. 

The Cincinnati Society of Maryland at its annual meeting, 
in testimony of its regret at the death of one of its earliest 
members, the Illustrious Lafayette, 

Resolved, that the members of the Society wear crape on the 
left arm for thirty days; and that they unite with their fellow- 
citizens, on the tenth instant, in the contemplated ceremonies. 



CINCINNATI OF MARYLAND. 55 

JULY 4, 1835. 

Resolved, rhnt n Committee of Invitation be annually ap- 
pointed, and that all invitations be signed by the President and 
countersigned by the Committee. 

APRIL 24, 1839. 

Resolved, that the Society will attend the funeral of its 
late lamented President, Gen'l Sam'l Smith on Thursday, the 
25th instant; in pursuance of the aiTangements adopted by the 
City Council. 

Resolved, that the members of this Society sincerely par- 
ticipate in the grief universally felt in this community, for the 
loss of one — distinguished alike in the tented field and in civic 
council — of the Hero — the Patriot — and the esteemed and truly 
valuable Citizen. 

Resolved, that these proceedings be entered upon the Min- 
utes of the Society, in evidence of the sense of its members for 
the character of the deceased; that a copy of the same be com- 
municated to his family, and that they be published. 

JULY 4, 1840. 

Resolved, that John Nelson, Dr. R. W. Hall and J. Spear 
Smith be a Committee to propose a suitable plan for the 
collection and preservation of documents and facts relating 
to the War of Independence. 

JULY 23, 1840. 

Whereas, the Members of the Society have just heard with 
great grief of the death of their venerable President, Col. Gas- 
saway Watkins, a distinguished Patriot and Soldier of the 
Revolutionary Army, and the last surviving officer of the "'Old 
Maryland Linef and as an expression of their feelings on the 
occasion for liis public Revolutionary Services, as well as his 
private worth, and as a manifestation of the loss they have sus- 
tained in him as President of the Society; therefore, 

Resolrtd, that the members of this Society wear crajje on 
the left arm U>v the space of SO days, that the proceedings be 



.■)0 AXNAI.S OF THE 

entered on the Minutes of the Society, that a copy of the same 
be transmitted to his family, and that they be published. 

JULY 5, 1841. 

The Committee ajjpointed, at the last annual meeting of the 
Society, to prepare a suitable place for the collection and pre- 
servation of documents and facts relating to the War of Inde- 
pendence, submit the following as being in their opinion well 
adapted to attain the object projiosed: — 

First. That the Members of the Society be requested to 
communicate to the President or Secretary any papers relating 
to the War of the Revolution left in their possession, and a 
biographical sketch of their respective Ancestors, Officers of the 
Maryland Line. 

Second. That all such documents be placed in some safe 
repository under the care of the President. 

Third. That after a sufficient number has been obtained to 
justify the attemj)!, an application be made to the citizens of 
the State, to unite with us in forming an Historical Society. 

Fo'urtli. If no such Society be formed, and the Cincinnati 
be dissolved, then, that all the documents it its possession be 
lilaced in the Library of the State. 

The report having been adopted, it was ordered tfiat it be 
published, and that the Secretary address a Circular to each 
Member of the Society with a copy thereof. 

FEBRUARY 23, 1843. 

At a special meeting of the Society held this day, it was 
Jiesoli^ed, that the Members of the Society deejjly lament 
the untimely decease of their associate and brother, Benedict 
William Hall, son of Col. Josias Carvel Hall, of the 4th Regi- 
ment Maryland Line in the War of the Revolution; and as a 
manifestation of their high regard for his memory, they wear 
the usual badge of mcnirning for thirty days. 

Resolved, that the sincere condolence and sympathj' of the 
Society in the said bereavement, which it so greatly deplores, 
be tendered to the family of its departed member, with a copy 
of these proceedings. 



CINCINNATI OF MARYLAND. 57 

JULY 4, 1844. 

Resolned, that on riitiiie luiniveisaiies, each nienibei- fiii- 
uish to tlie Secretary tlie names of two guests, whom he wishes 
to be invited to the anniversary dinner, on or before 24th June 
each year, and the Secretary be requested to send out invita- 
tions accordingly. 

ResolDed, that tlie Treasurer wlien paying the pensions 
awarded by tlie Society, notify each recipient that for the 
future the Society will neither continue nor grant any pensions, 
unless the necessities and the respectability of the ai)plicant be 
vouched for by reliable evidence. 

Resolved, that the President be authorized to deposit the 
two Parchment Rolls, containing the autographs of the Orig- 
iiuil Men)l)ers of the Society, among the archives of the Mary- 
land Historical Society, and that access be given to it for the 
purpose of transcribing any papers belonging to the Cincinnati 
Societv of Maryland. 

JULY 5, 1845. 

A letter from the General Society was received and read, 
and it was 

Resoloed, that the Secretary of this Society acknowledge 
the receipt of it, and to say our number is so small, that it is 
uncertain whether any of us can attend the contemplated meet- 
ing, but if any of us have it in our power so to do, timely notice 
will be given. 

JULY 4, 1846. 

Resolced, that the President of this Society be requested to 
have published in pamphlet form, for the use of its members, 
the Constitution of the Maryland Cincinnati Society; a compi- 
lation of its papers and the names of its members, from its 
organization to the present time ; with a list of the Officers of 
the Maryland Line; or in his discretion, to report to the next 
meeting of the Society. 

[Note. — /// a letter from the Secretary, dated Baltimore, 
March 2d, 1847 {entered in the Minutes of the Society, page 
183), asking for an Act of Incorporation, he states the title of 
the Society to be the 

"SOCIETY OF TIIK CIXC/yXATI OF MARTLAXD.'] 



58 ANNALS OF THE 

JULY 4, 1849. 

Resolved, that the gentlemen who have heretofore been 
elected Members of the Society, and who have not paid their 
admission fee, be reminded of the oinission by the Secretary, 
and that he inform them that no Dii^lomas can be issued, nor 
membership recognized, until payment thereof be made. 

JULY 4, 1850. 

Resolved, that the Maryland Branch of the Cincinnati fur- 
nish a block of marble, with suitable inscription, to be incorpo- 
rated in the monument now being erected in the City of Wash- 
ington, to the memory of the "Father of his Country," and the 
first President of the Society of the Cincinnati. 

JULY 4, I85L 

Ordered, that if an application be made by the Heirs of the 
late Capt. Phelon to have his remains removed, the Treasurer 
be authorized to pay the expense of the same. 

JULY 4, 1852. 

The Ordinance relative to the succession and admission of 
Members, as adopted by the General Society of the Cincinnati 
held in New York on the 7th May, 1851, was submitted to the 
consideration of the Society. 

Mesolved, that the aforesaid ordinance be not concurred in, 
and that the Secretary be authorized and instructed to com- 
municate said decision to the Secretary of the General Society 
of the Cincinnati. 

Resolved, that the next annual meeting of the Society be 
exclusively for business purposes, and that there be an ad- 
journed meeting of the Society on 19th October, 1853, tlie anni- 
versary of the surrender of Yorktowu. 

JULY 4, 1853. 

Whereas, the claim to admission, being in the lineal suc- 
cessors of the original members of the Society, in conformity 
with the rules of inheritance at the common law, and since 



CINCINNATI OF MARYLAND. 59 

the adoption of the Resolution of July, 1807. for the election of 
members, it has been the invariable practice of the Marj^land 
Cincinnati to hold in abeyance the claim to admission of a 
minor, until he attain his majority, and it being deemed proper, 
not only to adhere to this ]>ractice. but to reduce it to the for- 
mality of a rule; therefore, 

Resolved, that wlieu :i vacancy exists, in consequence of 
the claimant being a minor, it shall continue until he attain 
his majority. 

MAY 15, 1854. 

The Society met to-day agreeably to notice given in the 
daily papers, to arrange for the Triennial Meeting of the Gen- 
eral Society of the Cincinnati of the United States, which is to 
assemble in Baltimore on the 17th instant. 

A dinner was ordered to be served up by "Gruy'" for thirtj' 
persons, for Thursday, the 18th instant, at 6 o'clock. Invita- 
tions were directed to be sent to His Excellency Franklin Pierce, 
President of the United States, and tlie H<m. Wni. L. Marcy, 
Secretary of State. 

JULY 4, 1854. 

The resolutions relating to succession and membership, 
which were introduced by Cren'l Jno. S. Smith, at the last Tri- 
ennial Meeting of the General Society, held in Baltimore on the 
17th May last, and passed by said General Society, subject, 
however, to the approval of the separate State Societies, were 
now submitted. 

Resolved, that this Society assent to the First Resolution, 
in so far as the same embraces the terms including tiie word 
''Constitution, ■■ in tlie 4th line thereof, and also to the Second 
Resolution, but dissent froiii the residue of the said First Reso- 
lution. 

OCTOBER 19, 1854. 

Resolved, that the whole Society be appointed a Committee 
to meet the General Society of the Cincinnati at Charleston, S. 
C, on the first Wednesday of February, 1855, and that the Sec- 
retary be requested to address a Circular to them advising them 
of their a]iiiointnient. 



60 ANNALS OF THE 

JULY 4, 1855. 

Ramsay McHenry, a Delegate to the General Society, which 
met at Charleston on the 7th February last, and the only Dele- 
gate who attended the Meeting, made a report of their pro- 
ceedings. 

JANUARY 20, I860. 

Resolved, tliat the Society deeply laments the decease of 
the Vice-President, the Hon. John Nelson, and that the mem- 
bers will attend his funeral, and wear the usual badge of mourn- 
ing for thirty days. 

Resolved, that we will ever bear in grateful recollection his 
urbanity, the enjoyment of his friendship, his usefullness as one 
of our Officers, and eminent worth as a Citizen. 

Resolved^ that we most respectfully tender to his family, 
the tribute of our heartfelt sympathy and condolence for so sad 
a visitation. 

Resolved, that these Proceedings be communicated liy the 
President to the family of our deceased brother, and to each of 
the State Societies. 

JULY 4, 1866. 

Resolved, that existing members, who were such by the 
Rules of the Society in 1865, and their successors, according to 
the same Rules, shall each have the power to nominate any one 
gentleman of the blood of an original member, and if said nom- 
inee be elected, he shall enjoy during his life all the rights and 
privileges of the Institution, except that of voting on the amend- 
ment of this, or any other part of the Constitution. 

Resolved, that each existing member proposing a name 
under the Rule established this day, shall notify the Secretary 
of the Society on or before the 1st day of September next, in 
wi'iting through the mail; and if any member shall nominate 
any gentleman already nominated, he shall be informed of the 
fact by the Seci-etary of the Society, and have the privilege 
of substituting another name. 



CINCINNATT (>F MARYLAND. 61 

JULY 4, 1867. 

It liaving pleased tlie Supreme Dispenser of events to 
remove, since our last Meeting, from life and oui' companion- 
ship, our late beloved and liiglily respected President, Gen'l 
.lolin Speai- Smith, 

liesolced, that by the demise of Clen'l Smith, we have lost 
a President at once dignitied, courteous and efficient; a coiti- 
panion, genial, instructive, and elevating by his high tone and 
refinement; and a Mend whose interest extended to every iMem- 
ber of the Society, and wliose kindness of heart endeared iiim 
to each and all of us. 

Resolved, that in testimony of tlie high regard we bore to 
the deceased and our sincere sorrow at his loss, the Secretary is 
hereby directed to publish these Resolutions, and also to com- 
municate them to the family of the deceased. 

Resolved!, that the Society of the Cincinnati of Maryland 
meet annually on the 22d day of February, instead of the 4th 
day of July, for the transaction of general business. 

Ordered, that the Secretary address a Circular to the Secre- 
taries of the General and State Societies, informing them of the 
following proceedings of this Society: Amendment to the Con- 
stitution, adopted 4tli July, 1866, and change of day for the 
Annual Meeting, 22d February instead of the 4th July. 

FEBRUARY 22, 1868. 

Resolved, that so much of the Rule adopted by the Society 
in July, 1866, in regard to new members, restricting them in 
their rights and privileges, be repealed: and that they be placed 
upon the same footing as the original members, and be entitled 
to all the rights and privileges of the Institution. 

This motion to be voted on at the next annual meeting of 
the Society. 

Ordered, that should a member elected, fail to accept 
within 12 months after notice, he forfeits his right to member- 
ship. 

OCTOBER 19, 1868. 

R( xolted, that the .lournal of Proceedings and other papers 
connected with the History of the Maryland State Society of the 



62 ANNALS OF THK 

Cincinuati be published, and the President of the Society, Gen'l 
Tilghman, was appointed to obtain and prepare the said Pi'o- 
ceediugs and papers for publication. 

FEBRUARY 22, 1869. 

The acting President announced the first business to be, to 
consider and vote upon the motion to repeal "so much" of the 
Amendment to the Constitution, adopted on the 4th July, 1866. 

When a declaration to the Amendment to the Constitu- 
tion, adopted on the 4th July, 1806, was presented as a substi- 
tute for the motion to repeal, the Society did not concur in the 
declaration, and on motion the repeal was duly adopted. 

APRIL 28, 1869. 

At a si:)ecial meeting to arrange for the Triennial, 
Besolved, that an invitation be extended to the Hon. 
Franklin Pierce, ex-President of the United States, to attend 
as a guest of the Society, and Gen'l Tilghman was instructed to 
inform liim of the pleasure of the St)ciety. 

MAY IB, 1869. 

Resolved, that the Delegates to the Meeting, on the 19th 
May, of the General Society of the Cincinnati, be appointed a 
Committee to recommend to the Society such modification of 
the Constitution as may be necessary to the increase and 
perpetuation of the Society. 

FEBRUARY 22, 1873. 

BeKoJiied, to extend to each member the right to nominate 
two gentlemen, descendants of original members. 

Resolved, that under the General Rules adopted in 1854, 
and accepted by this Society, the male descendants of Officers 
who were entitled to membership, but did not avail themselves 
of the privilege, be eligible to membership of this Society, on 
the payment of the usual initiation fee. 

The death of Gen'l Benj. C. Howard was then announced, 
the following Preamble and Resolutions adopted. 



CINCINNATI OF MARYLAND. 63 

Whereas, since otir hist annual meeting, death has deprived 
us of the conipanionsliip of tlie hite Benj. C. Howard, 

Hesolved, that tliis Society deeply laments the loss of one 
of its most distinguished, esteemed and venerated membeis, 
and that we will ever bear in grateful remembrance the enjoy- 
ment of his friendship and the recollection of his eminent 
worth. 

Besolveff, that we most respectfully tender to his family 
this tribute of our heartfelt symiiathy and condolence, for so 
sad a visitation. 

JiesoIpeeJ, that a copy of these Resolutions be sent to the 
family of our deceased brother, and that these proceedings be 
published in our City papers. 

FEBRUARY 23, 1874. 

Jfeftolred. that (xen'l 'rilghmau be authorized to employ 
such clerical assistance as nmy be necessary in the preparation 
of his History of the Cincinnati of Maryland. 

Jies-olved, that a Committee of Two be appointed to examine 
the Rules of this, and the sister State Societies for admission 
of members ; and report such modification of the Rules of this 
Society as may seem desirable. 

FEBRUARY 22, 1875. 

The Committee apitointed t(» draft Resolutions of respect 
to the memory of our late President, Gen'l Tilghman,. then 
offered the following Resolutions, which were adojited: — 

Jte.folved, that in the death of Gen'l Tilghman this Society 
is called on to lament the loss of an honored President, a zeal- 
ous and devoted member, and a courteous, high toned gentleman, 
whose name shall be held in affectionate remembrance by the 
members of this Society. 

Hesolved, that the Society tender its sincei-e and heartfelt 
sympathy to the family of the deceased, and fliat the Secretary 
transmit to them a copy of these Resolutions. 

Hi solved, that the Secretary publish these Resoluti(ms in 
the City papers, and transmit a copy of the same to the 
General Society and the several State Societies. 



64 ANNALS OF THK 

FEBRUARY 22, 1877. 

RKI'OKT. 

The Committee appointed at tlie meeting of February 23rd, 
1874, to examine the rules of this and the sister State Societies 
governing the admission of members, with a view to the modi- 
fication of the rules of this Society, having carefully performed 
the duty assigned it, find tliat each State Society has, to some 
extent, modified the original rules for the admission of mem- 
bers, except that of Pennsylvania. 

In 1851 the General Society passed an ordinance, the object 
of which was to promote uniformity in the admission of mem- 
bers, but this having been rejected by some of the State 
Societies, the General Society in 18.'54 referred the question to 
a Committee, comjiosed of the Presidents of the State Societies, 
all of them being present, and Gen'l John Spear Smith, as 
Chairman, re|3orted the rule known as the Rule o/'18.'54. 

It passed without a dissenting voice, and was accepted, it 
is believed, by the State Societies in general, the Society of 
Massachusetts adopting it by a unanimous vote, but the Mary- 
land Society rejected it. 

It was not until 1866, that the Maryland Society. im])elled 
by the necessity of providing in some way for the preservation 
of the Society, made its first amendment to the constitution, by 
authorizing the creation of life members. This was regarded as 
only a temporary' expedient, but it has served its purpose, and 
as taken in connection witli the Resolution of February 22d, 
1869, making full members of the life members, it widens the 
door of admission to an extent not designed by the amendment. 

The Committee recommend that this Rule of 1866, together 
with its amendment adopted February 22d, 1878, giving to 
each member the riglit to nominate two candidates of the blood 
of an original member, be now repealed. The Committee 
further lecommend that the Rule of 1854, a cojjy of which is 
hereto annexed, be adopted, provided, that any one elected as 
the rejiresentative of an Officer of the Army or Navy who may 
have been entitled to admission as an original membei-, but 
failed to avail himself of the right, shall pay an admission fee 
of One Hundred Dollars; and jjrovided further, that upon the 



CINCINNATI OF MARYLAND. 65 

election of any one deriving his claim to membership from a 
member of a dissolved Society, he shall i)ay the customary fee 
of Thirty Dollars. 

Un.E OF 1854. 

Hi'ioh-fl , that eaoli i^tate Society sluill have the full right and power to regulate the 
aiiiuission of uiembere, both as to cjualiKcations of the ineiubere and the terms of admis- 
sion ; provided, that admission be confined to the male descendants of original membere, 
or of those who are now members (including collateral branches, as contemplated by the 
original Constitution); or to the male de.scendants of such Officers of the Army or Navy 
as may have been entitled to a<lmission, but who failed to avail themselves thereof 
within the time limited by the Constitution ; or to the male de.scendants of such Officers 
of the Army or Navy of the Revolution as may have resigned with honor, or left the 
service with reputation ; or to the male collateral relatives of any Officer who died in 
service without having issue. 

Resolved, that the male desceudanti? of those who were membere of State Societies 
which have been dissolved, may be admitted into existing Societies, upon such terms as 
those Societies think proper to prescribe. 

Rctii/i-ed, that the foregoing Resolutions be projiosed to the several State Societies, 
and their assent be requested thereto ; and upon such a.'^sent being given by each of the 
remaining Societies, the Secretary -General shall issue notice thereof to each Society, 
and thereupon the said Resolutions shall become operative, and each State Society shall 
be at lilierty to act upon the power given thereby. 

The Committee further recommend, that in the admission 
of members, the nearest male repi'esentative of an original 
member shall have preference ; but if he fail to present his 
claim for admission within n reasonable time, or be found 
unworthy, or for any cause be rejected by the Society, the 
right of succession may be transferred to the next nearest 
representative, and so on until an election be effected. 

Besolved, that so much of the report as recommends the 
adoption of the Resolution submitted by the General Society in 
18o4, be adopted: and tliat the Committee be continued, with 
instructions to submit, at the next meeting of the Society, rules 
for admission of new members to this Society, and that the 
Rule of 1866, with its amendment of Feb'y 22d, 1873, be 
repealed. 

FEBRUARY 22, 1878. 

The Commi I tee appointed at the meeting February 23d, 1874, 
(and fioin time t.i time continued) consisting of Admiral A. H. 
Kilty and James L. McLane, reported as follows regarding 
admission of new members : 



66 ANNALS OF THE 

KEPOKT. 

First. The President shall annually apiK)int two members, 
who, with himself, shall constitute a Committee on Elections 
for the year. Two members shall constitute a quorum. 

Second. Every person who may be desirous of becoming a 
mend")er of the Society, and who shall come within the terms of 
the original general Institution, shall make his application to 
the Committee on Elections in writing, who shall advise thereon 
and report their opinion to the Society; but no one shall be 
permitted to be a candidate under the age of twenty-one years. 

Third. The assent of three-fourth.^ of the members present 
at a regular meeting shall be necessary f(n' the admission of a 
member of this Society. 

Fourth. Each person who shall be admitted a member in 
right of succession to a deceased member of this Society, or of 
any State Society which has been dissolved, shall at the time of 
his admission i)ay the sum of Thirty Dollars in aid of the 
funds. 

Fifth. Any person making application to become a mem- 
ber of the Society, in conformity with the Rule recommended 
at the Triennial Meeting of the General Society of the Cincin- 
nati, held at Baltimore in May, 1854, and adopted by this Soci- 
ety at its annual meeting, on the 22d Feb\v. 1877. may be ad- 
mitted upon the assent of three-fourthi^ of the members present 
at a regular meeting, and upon the condition of the payment of 
One Hundred Dollars to the Treasurer of the Society, as a con- 
tribution to the permanent fund, and shall thereby be entitled 
to all the rights and privileges of an original member. 

This report was duly adoj^ted, and Admiral A. H. Kilty and 
James L. McLane were aj)pointed to act with the President as a 
Committee under Article First of this report. 

FEBRUARY 23, 1880. 

Whereas, since our last annual meeting, death has removed 
from us our valued Vice-President, Admiral Augustus H. Kilty, 

Resolved, that in his death the Society of the Cincinnati 
laments the loss of a devoted member, a dignified, courteous 
and efficient officer, and a genial companion, whose interest 
embraced everv member of the Sf)cietv. 



CINCIXN'ATI OF MARTLAXD. 67 

.Resolned , that the Secretary communicate this Resolution 
to the family of the deceased, and cause it to be published. 

OCTOBER 8, 1880. 

The President submitted from the Honorable Ferdiiiaud C. 
Latrobe. Mayoi' of tlie City, an invitation to the Society to p;ir- 
ticipate in the one hundred and fiftieth anniversary celebration 
of the founding of the City of Baltimore, commencing on the 
11th and concluding on ISth instant. 

Resolved, that this Society heartily endorses the action of 
the municipal authorities and our fellow-citizens in endeavor- 
ing to mark by approju'iate cerenujuies the one hundred and 
fiftieth anniversary of the founding of our City. 

That with a due appreciation of the honor conferred on this 
Society by the invitation to participate in the celebration, a 
Committee, consisting of William S. Williams. President, Rob't 
M. McLane, James H. Barney, Otho Tl. Williams, Richard M. 
McShen y and James L. McLane, be appointed to represent this 
Society during the week of the celebration. 



^o 



FEBRUARY 22, 1881. 

A letter from the Rhode Island Society having been read, 
the following action was taken: — 

Whereas, the gentlemen composing the Society of the Cin- 
cinnati in the State of Rhode Island, as recently reorganized and 
confirmed by the General Assembly of that State, ask recognition 
and fraternal encouragement at our hands, and show us a highly 
respectable oi'ganization. having an original permanent fund 
(although small), and all of its valuable records since 1783, and 
a membership based on the terms of the General Institution; 
therefore, 

BesoUerh that the action taken by the hereditarily entitled 
members in Rhode Island to reinstate their Society, under the 
very peculiar circumstances of the case, appears to have been 
prudent, wise and thoughtful, and the gentlemen concerned, 
entitled to our thanks for preserving their fund and records, 
and cordial congratulation on the manner in which they have 
accomplished this result. 



68 ANNALS OF THE 

RfisolDerl. that this Society respectfully recommends to the 
General Society the recognition of the Rhode Island Society of 
the Cincinnati, as again forming a constituent part of the Cin- 
cinnati, and the recognition of its members as entitled to all the 
privileges of membership as Cincinnati. 

SEPTEMBER 15, 1881. 

The President stated that he was in receipt of an invitation 
from the Hon. John W. Johnston, Chairman of the Yorktown 
Congi-essional Committee, for this Society to attend and par- 
ticipate in the ceremonies on the Centennial Celebration to be 
held at Yorktown in October next, and which the Secretary, by 
his direction, had accepted on behalf of the Society, under date 
of July '22d ult. 

Mesolced, that the action taken by the President be ap- 
proved, and a Committee, consisting of the President and Vice- 
President, was apjwinted to ascertain what arrangements could 
be made for the attendance of the Society on that occasion, and 
to report to a future meeting. 

FEBRUARY 22, 1883. 

The Treasurer reported that he liad })urcliased twenty Cen- 
tennial medals at the cost of forty dollars, and he was author- 
ized to deliver one to each memlier apjjlying therefor. 

Resolved^ that the Maryland State Society of the Cincin- 
nati in sorrow records the death of its distinguished member 
and cherished friend, James llindman Barney. 

To a courage and manly vigoi, wliicli in times of trial sent 
him to the front as a leader of men, he united all those gentle 
and kindly qualities which win and hold the hearts of friends 
and companions, and in his death every member of this Society 
sustains a personal loss. 

FEBRUARY 22, 1885. 

Resolved, that this Society feels deeply the loss it has sus- 
tained in the death of William S. Williams, our wortliy Presi- 
dent, valued friend, and genial and delightful companion. 



CINCINNATI OF MARYLAND. 69 

Besoleed, thai the members of this Society will ever keep 
ill rpmenil>raiicp the kindly and attractive personal, and social, 
traits which endeared him to us, and inspired among us all 
confidence and respect. 

FEBRUARY 22, 1888. 

Besolved, that tlie requisites for admission to the Society 
be formulated as follows : — 

RULES. 

I. Every ajjplication for membership must be in writing 
and signed by the applicant, and miist be presented by a 
member of this State Society, who shall sign his name thereto as 
the proposer of the applicant. 

II. The aiiiilication shall state applicant's profession or 
calling, his place of residence, his descent from the revolu- 
tionary officer whom he claims to represent, and the name and 
rank of that officer. 

III. No person shall be eligible for membership who is 
under twenty-one years of age. or who cannot give to the 
Society satisfactory proof that he is a gentleman of honour and 
good repute in all respects, worthy of becoming one of its sup- 
porters and members. 

IV. The x>ersons eligible for membership in this Society 
are : All of the male posterity of a revolutionary officer who 
was, or was entitled to be, an original member of the Maryland 
State Society of the Cincinnati, or of any State Society now 
extinct, and in failure of such male posterity any of the col- 
lateral branches, jjrovided, that there shall never be more 
than two members of the Society at one time representing the 
same revolutionary officer. 

Y. Sixbject always to the provisions of Article III., the fol- 
lowing i)references shall be observed in considering applications : 

1. Direct descendants shall be preferred to collaterals. 

2. Among direct descendants the nmle line is to be pre- 
ferred to the female line. 

3. Among collaterals the nearest in blood to the propositus. 

4. Among apjdicants equally entitled in other respects the 
older shall be preferred to the younger. 



70 ANXALS OF THE 

VI. The Society reserves to itself tlie right to reject any 
application, Avhether from a direct descendant or collateral, 
whenever it may deem it for its interest to do so. 

VII. Every apjjlication shall be presented at a meeting 
and referred to the Committee on Admissions, to be reported 
and voted uj)on at a subsequent meeting, and no applicant shall 
be elected at the meeting when his application is lirst presented. 

VIII. Every election of a (candidate for admission shall be 
by ballot. Two black balls in ten or a less number than ten, 
and an adverse vote of one-fifth of the whole vote cast in a 
larger number than ten, shall exclude the candidate. Every 
member is bound in honour not to disclose outside of the 
Society whether he or any other member voted for or against 
the candidate. 

IX. A member elected as a representative, whether direct 
or collateral, of an original member, who qualified as such by 
contributing one month's pay to the Maryland State Society of 
the Cincinnati, shall pay an admission fee of thirty dollais, and 
a member elected as the representative of an officer who was not 
an original member, or did not so qualify, shall pay an admis- 
sion fee of one hundred dollars. 

And every member shall purchase from the Secretary a 
Diploma or Certificate of Membership, and jiay for the same the 
sum of seven dollars. 

X. Any member who has not qualified l)y payment of ad- 
mission fee and for dijjloma, within one year after notice of his 
election, shall be deemed to have forfeited his election. 

XL Subject to Eule III. Any member of any existing State 
Society of the Cincinnati may be transferred to this Society by 
making an application in writing, accompanied by a certificate 
from the Secretary of his own State Society that he is a mem- 
ber thereof in good standing. 

FEBRUARY 22, 1889. 

Whereas, since our last annual meeting it has pleased 
Divine Providence to call away James Howard McHenry, who 
departed this life on 25th September, 1888, therefore, 

Resolved, that the Society of the Cincinnati of Maryland, in 
the death of Mr. McHenry, has sustained the loss of one of its 
most active and useful supporters and members. 



CINCINNATI OF MAUVLAND. 71 

lu all his rcliilions with his brethren of this Society, and 
with this Ccjiiiiiiiinity in which his long and honored life was 
l)assed, he exhibited alike the sterner virtues and the polished 
courtesy inherited from his revolutionary Ijlood, and he has left 
with us the memory of an upriiiht American citizen and Chris- 
tian gentleman. 

A copy of these resolutions shall be transmitted to his 
fanuly with the respectful sympathy of this Society. 

Resolved, that the President appoint a Committee of Five, 
including the Treasurer and Secretary, to prepare a programme 
for the coming Tiiennial Meeting of the General Society of the 
Cincinnati in Baltimore, and for the entertainment of our guests 
on that occasion; the Committee to report at a spe(dal meeting 
to be called for that purpose in November next. 

NOVEMBER 22, 1889. 

The Special Committee on the Triennial Meeting: — 
Edward Craham Daves, Chairman, Richard Meredith Mc- 
Sherry, John Sterett Gittings, Wilson Cary McHenry, Charles 
Manigault Morris, made a report which was adopted, and sub- 
committees were appointed to carry out its recommendations. 

FEBRUARY 22, 1890. 

Resoloed, that an Executive Committee, to be composed 
of the President, Vice-President, Secretary, and Treasurer, 
ex officio; and Three Members who shall be elected at this meet- 
ing, and annually thereafter, to serve for one year; be consti- 
tuted with the following powers: — 

Fir/ai. They shall attend to all business necessary or proper 
to be attended to in the intervals between meetings of the 
Society. 

Second. They shall act as a Committee on Admissions; all 
applications for admission shall be referred to them, and they 
shall report upon such applications to the Society (or as soon 
as they have the information concerning the applicant which 
they require) at tiie first business meeting sxibsequent to the 
presentation of the application. 

Third. They shall have power to instruct tlie Treasurer to 
relieve by a pecuniary donation any person entitled to be a 



72 ANNALS OF THE 

beneficiary of the funds of the Society, where there is such 
present need for the same that it would be a hardship to defer 
such relief until the case could be laid regularly before the 
Society. 

Fourth. This Committee shall elect its own Chaiiman, but 
any three members thereof may call a meeting by notifying all 
the other members, and three shall be a quorum for the trans- 
action of business. 

The Committee on the reception of the General Society at 
the Triennial Meeting in Baltimore in May, 1890, recommend: — 

First. That a History of the Maryland Society be printed 
for distribution among our expected guests. 

Second. That special rates be obtained for them at hotels, 
and cards of admission to the clubs. 

Third. That application be made to the War and Navy 
Departments, for a government vessel to convey the Society to 
Mount Vernon, and for the loan of portraits of original mem- 
bers of the Cincinnati. 

Fourth. That these portraits, and those of revolutionarj^ 
ancestors of present Cincinnati, be hung in the library of the 
Maryland Historical Society, and that the delegates from other 
States be there welcomed at 10 A. M., on May 7th. 

Fifth. That our guests be invited to dine that evening at 
Rennert's Hotel, and to lunch there on AVednesday and Friday. 

Sixth. That on Thursday, May 8th, we go at an early hour 
in a special car to Washington, and by steamer to Mount Ver- 
non, where a session of the General Society will be held; and 
that luncheon be provided on the boat. 

Seventh. That arrangements be made to photogx'aph the 
delegates from the other States and the members of the Mary- 
land Society. 

The report was adopted, and the Committee was directed 
to carry its provisions into effect. 

FEBRUARY 23, 1891. 

Itesolved, that Rule IV., for admission to membership, be 
changed to read thus: — 

IV. The persons eligible for membership in this Society 
are: All of the male posterity of a revolutionary officer who was, 



CINCINNATI OF MAKYLAND. 73 

or was entitled to be. ;ui oriiiinal member of the Maryland State 
Society of the Ciuciniuiti. or was a member in tiood .standing of 
any State Society now extinct; and in failnre of such male pos- 
terity any of the collateral branches; provided, that there shall 
never be elected more than one member of the Society at one 
time representing the same revolutionary ofRcev; provided fur- 
ther, that the status of members elected previous to the passage 
of this amended rule, and of the Propositus whom they rei)re- 
sent, be in no wise affected thereby. 

Jiesohed, that it is the duty of this Society to take effective 
steps toward the erection of a suitable monument over the grave 
of Gen. Sniallwood, near Glymont, Md. 

Resolred, that in order to aid in the propagation of this 
Society, a Committee be appointed to make such genealogical 
researches as nuiy l)e possible, to ascertain and place on record 
the names and residences of the descendants of the original 
members of the Maryland Cincinnati. 

FEBRUARY 22, 1893. 

The Committee appointed to take action with reference to 
the death of Allan McLane. submitted the following report : — 

Allan McLane died at bis residence in Washington, after a 
brief illness, on December Kith, 1891. Grandson of Colonel 
Allan McLane, the brave soldier of the Revolution, and the 
friend of General Washington ; and son of Louis McLane, 
Secretary of the Treasury under President Jackson, and Minis- 
ter to England during Jackson and Polk's administrations; he 
was in every way worthy of his ancestry. 

For a while a student at Princeton, he abandoned an aca- 
demic career in 1842, to accept a commission as Midshipman in 
the U. S. Navy. Three of his brothers were also in the military 
service of the Government, and one of them was killed in liattle 
with the Indians. 

When war broke out with Mexico, Allan McLane was first 
ordered to the Rio Grande, and afterwards took part in the 
landing of our army at Vera Cruz. Of this period of his life a 
friend writes that ''Midshipman McLane commanded the re- 
spect and confidence of his superior officers, and the love and 



74 ANNALS OF THF. 

friendslii]! of his messmates : \\ iiilp no officer was more liked 
aud trusted by the saih)rs." 

During tlie siege of Vera Cruz a masked battery of heavy 
guns, within 700 yards of tlie enemy's lines, was manned by 
seamen. When it was unmasked, tlie officer in command com- 
plained that the obstructions were not sufficiently removed. 
McLane sprang through the embrasure, and with the aid of two 
sailors cleared away the brushwood under a storm of shot and 
shell. For this gallant act he was specially mentioned in the 
official despatches. 

After the war he comi>leted his studies at Annapolis, and 
served for a while on the Coast Survey, resigned his commis- 
sion in 1849, to enter the service of the Pacific Mail Steamship 
Company. In his connection with this comjiany of more than 
twenty years, first as commander of the steamers, then as Pres- 
ident, he showed conspicuous administrative ability, and won 
the admiration and affection of all who served under him. In 
1871 he resigned his jiost. and passed the remaining years of 
his life at Washington in well-earned and honourable repose. 

A gallant sailor, a polished gentleman, an upright citizen, 
faithful in all the relations of life, Allan McLane was of the 
stuff of which heroes are made, and we are proud to number 
him among the worthy sons of the Cincinnati. Manly, loyal, 
courteous, he was of the type which we all admire, and which 
our Society aspires to perpetuate. 

FEBRUARY 22, 1894. 

The Committee appointed to draft Resolutions on the death 
of Gen. Anderson, reported as follows : — 

Hesolved, that by the death of Brevet Major-General Nich- 
olas Long-worth Anderson, who departed this life at the city of 
Luzerne in Switzerland, on the 18th September, 1892, the Soci- 
ety of the Cincinnati of Maryland suffers the loss of one of its 
most valued and earnest supporters and members, who in his 
life displayed the same valor and patriotism which dis- 
tinguished his grandfather and propositus in the Society, Rich- 
ard Clough Anderson, Lt.-Col. in the Virginia Line and Aide- 
de-Camp of General Lafayette. 



CIXCINNATr OV MARYLAND. 75 

General Anderscjn was born in the city of Cincinnati uii 
April '22d, IS'.iS, graduated at Harvard in the class of 1858, and 
subsequent!}' pursued his studies at Heidelberg. He returned 
to Cincinnati in 18(i(i and began the study of law. 

Upon the breaking out of the civil war he went to the front 
as Adjutant of the Sixth Ohio Volunteers, of which regiment he 
soon became Colonel. The regiment saw niucli liard service, and 
Col. Anderson was three times wounded, at Pittsburg Landing, 
Murfreesboro and Chicamauga. displaying tlmmgh all his 
campaigns conspicuous personal bravery and military aldlity. 
At the close of the war he received the brevet of Brigadier- 
General for gallant conduct at Stone River, and that of Major- 
General for distinguished gallantry at Chicamauga. 

He was never again in the public service, spending the 
remainder of his life in Cincinnati, Washington, or in foreign 
travel. 

He was frank, generous and brave, a good father of a 
family, a good citizen and a devoted adherent of this Society, 
every member of which will deplore the absence from our 
reunions of the friendly countenance and fraternal greeting of 
this charming companion and gallant gentleman. 

Resolved, that the Secretary be instructed to spread these 
Resolutions on the Minutes of this Meeting, and to forward a 
copy of the same, with expressions of the deep sympathy of the 
Society, to the familj' of our deceased member and friend. 

On motion of Prof. Edward Graham Daves it was ordered 
that the following minute be entered on the Records, and that a 
copy be transmitted to the family of the late Hamilton Fish : — 

At this tirst meeting of the Society of the Cincinnati of 
Maryland held since the lamented death of Hon. Hamilton Fish, 
we desire to express our deep sense of the great loss which 
has befallen us. 

Though long hindered by the infirmities of age from attend- 
ing the general meetings and taking an active part in our pro- 
ceedings, he was ever ready to give sage advice and counsel, 
and always showed the keenest interest in the discussion of 
every question vital to the integrity and xirosperity of our 
beloved Association. 

As a wise statesman, a devoted patriot and an enlightened 
citizen, his name is written in the history of the country; but 



76 ANNALS OF THE 

by US he is sjiHcially remembered as the courteous and accom- 
plished gentleman, wlu) for near half a century most worthily 
tilled the position once held by Washington, that of Presideut- 
General of the Society of tlie Cincinnati. 

We enter upon our Records this expression of our sorrow, 
and we tender to his family our respectful sympathy in a 
bereavement which talces from them a beloved father, and from 
us an honoured leader. 

FEBRUARY 22, 1895. 

Whereas, the Society of the Cincinnati of Maryland has 
been informed that, since its last meeting, Edward Graham 
Daves, one of its members, departed this life on the 1st day 
of August, 1894, in Boston, Mass.; it is hereby 

Resolved, that this Society by the death of Professor Daves 
has sustained the loss of one of its most active and intelligent 
members, who at all times evinced the greatest zeal and interest 
in its history and welfare ; and in his social intercourse with 
his fellow-members displayed those attractive traits which 
characterize the cultured and accomplished gentleman. 

Professor Daves was ])oru in New Bern, North Carolina, on 
the 31st March, 1833, and was the second son of John Pugh 
Daves and his wife, Elizabeth Batchelor Graham, and was the 
grandson of Captain John Daves, of the North Carolina Conti- 
nental Infantry. He was educated at New Bern and subse- 
quently at Harvard, where he took the degrees of A. B. and 
A. M.; and LL. B. at the Haivard Law School in 1856. After 
practicing law a short time in Baltimore, he went abroad and 
lived in Europe until 1871, when he returned to Baltimore, and 
there remained until his death, engaged in literary pursuits 
and as Professor of English literature ; and be it further 

Resolcecl, that tlie Secretary be insti'iicted to spread these 
Resolutions on the Minutes of this Meeting, and to forward a 
copy of the same, with the expression of the deep sympathy 
of the Society, to the family of our deceased member. 

Resolved, that the Society of the Cincinnati of Maryland 
desires to express to the Society of the Sons of the American 
Revolution of Maryland its warm appreciation of the courtesy 
extended to it, through its Delegates, Messrs. DeCourcy, Webb, 



CINCINNATI OF MARYLAND. 77 

McSherry and Gittings, at the unveiling of the statue to the 
Maryland Heroes who fell at the battle of Long Island. That 
this Society fully values the great and untiring energy of those 
who caused the beautiful testimonial to be erected, which so 
nobly and eloquently coninienu)rates the sacrifices made by the 
officers and soldiers of the heroic Maiyland Line. 

FEBRUARY 22, 1896. 

The Committee appointed to draft Resolutions on the death 
of Gen. Crittenden, reported as follows : — 

Brevet Brigadier-General Thomas Leonidas Crittenden, of 
the United States Army, died at his residence on Staten Island. 
in the State of New York, on the 23d of October, 1893. 

At the time of his death he was a member of the Society of 
the Cincinnati of Marylaml, having been elected a member in 
1883. 

General Crittenden was the grandson of Captain-Lieutenant 
John Crittenden, who seived with the Virginia troops in the 
War of th? Revolution, and was an original member of the Soci- 
ety of the Cincinnati of that State. 

General Crittenden was a brave and distinguished officer in 
the military service of his country, both as a volunteer and reg- 
ular officer. In the Mexican War he commanded a regiment of 
Kentucky Cavalry and was present at the battle of Buena Vista. 
At the close of the Mexican War he was appointed consul to 
Liverpool, in whicli position he rendered most satisfactory 
service, remaining in that office until 18.')3, when he retired to 
private life. He again entered the military service of his coun- 
try at the breaking out of the war between the States ; was in 
several of the famous battles of that war, serving with such 
eminent distinction that he was prcmioted to the position of 
Major-General for gallantry on the field. In 1864 he resigned 
his ])Osition in the volunteer army, and in 186(; was apjtointed a 
Colonel in the regular army of the United States, with the bre- 
vet rank of Brigadier-General. He became the Colonel of the 
Seventeenth Regiment f)f Infantry in the Army of the United 
States, and continued in that position until his retirement in 
1881. 



78 ANNALS OF THE 

In every position of life rxeneral Crittenden did his whole 
duty ns :r man. He was a gallant soldier, a wise, prudent ofR- 
pial, and he will be remembered in days to come as one of the 
most distingiiished of those great men in our countiy who have 
borne his honored name. 

It is to be regretted that this Society saw so little of him 
He came to our meetings very rarely, but when he did come he 
brought with him a nature so kindly and genial tluit he will be 
remembered with feelings of the sincerest friendship and esteem 
by all who came in contact with him. 

The Committee appointed to take action with reference to 
the death of Doctor Lansdale, submited the following report : — 

Dr. Philip Lansdale, who died at Greenwicli, Connecticut, 
August 21, 1894, was the grandson of Major Thomas Lancaster 
Lansdale, an original member of the Maryland State Society of 
the Cincinnati, and the son of William Moylan Lansdale, a cit- 
izen of Baltimore. His mother was a daughter of General 
Stephen Moylan, who in tlie year 1800. was Vice-President of 
the Pennsylvania State Society of the Cincinnati. 

Dr. Lansdale' s father, William Moylan Lansdale, in the 
year 1819 retired to an estate called "Bloomsbury," near Havre 
de Grace, in Harford County, where he died in 1831 ; having 
succeeded his father, who was an original member of the Mary- 
land State Society of the Cincinnati, and at the time of his 
death, a resident of Anne Arundel County. 

The ribbon of the insignia of Major Thonuis Lansdale has 
an interesting value, it being half of General Lafayette's ribbon, 
who made his own do service for two by dividing with Major 
Lansdale. 

Dr. Lansdale was born in Baltimore, April HOth, 1817, and 
received his education at St. John's College, Annapolis. Mary- 
land, and at the University of Pennsylvania. Until 1847 he 
resided upon his estate " Bloomsbury," in Harford County, 
when he w^as appointed an Assistant Surgeon in the Navy of the 
United States. 

He was commissioned a Surgeon in 1861. was promoted to 
^[edical lns})ector in 1870, to Medical Director in 1873, and re- 
tired in 1879. He was elected a member of the Society of the 
Cincinnati of Maryland in 1890. 



CINCINXATI OF MARYLAND. 79 

The high position held by him in the service of his country, 
the appreciation of his services as manifested by his regular and 
rapid proniotion in the corps of which he was a member, his dis- 
tinguished Revolutionary ancestry, liis fairli fulness to dutj', the 
purity of his life, and the high tone and character of his bear- 
ing among his fellow-men. entitled Dr. Lansdale to the lirst 
position among tlie members of our Society. As such j^onr 
Committee recognize him, and as sucli ask that this tribute to 
his memory may be spread upon the Minutes of the Society. 

FEBRUARY 22, 1897. 

The Committee appointed to take suitable action on the 
deaths of members of the Society, submitted the following 
report, which was ordered to be spread on the Minutes of the 
Society : — 

Capt. Charles Manigault Morris, was born in Charleston, 
S. C, May 7th, 1820, and died in Baltimore, Md., March 22d, 
1895. 

He was the grandson of Major and Brevet Lt.-Col. Lewis 
Morris, Aide-de-Cami). Continental Army, an original mendier 
of the South Carolina Cincinnati ; and the son of Lewis Morris, 
elected a member of the South Carolina Society in 1807 ; he 
himself succeeded his father in 1880, and became a member of 
the Maryland Cincinnati by transfer in 1885. 

In 1837 Captain Morris entered the United States Navy as 
Midshipman ; successively he was jiromoted to be Passed-Mid- 
shipman. June 29th, 1843: Master, March 26th, 1851; and 
Lieutenant, October, 1851. He served with honor through the 
Mexican War, and was a member of the Perry Japan expedi- 
tion. He was First Lieutenant of the United States Ship 
Marion on the coast of Africa in 1860. 

While holding the rank of Lieutenant, he resigned from 
tlie United States Navy. January 29th, 1861, and Joined the 
Confederate Navy, being put in command of the Huntress. 
After doing ordnance duty and being in charge of the Savannah 
rendezvous, he was ordered to Europe for duty on the Birken- 
lit^ad rams. .\ i that linn' I lie ii>iumander of the Florida was 
taken ill, and early in January. 1864, Captain M(uris was 
ordered to the command of that cruiser. As her commander, 



80 ANNALS OF THE 

he raptured a number of prizes alone tlie coast of the Vnited 
States, including the vessels Electric Spark, Harriet Stevens, 
Golconda, Margaret Y. Davis and Mondamin. 

Captain Morris then crossed the ocean to Teneriffe and 
cruised back toward Brazil. On this trip he captured the B. X. 
Hoxie, Cairaissanne, David Lapsley, Estelle, George Latimer, 
Southern Rights, Greenland, Windward, William C. Clark and 
Zelinda. 

The Florida anchored at Bahia, Brazil. October 4th. Rely- 
ing implicitly upon the protection of a neutral power. Captain 
Morris drew the loads from his guns and gave his crew shore 
liberties. The United States steam corvette Wachusett was 
then in port. 

On the night of October 6th, Captain Morris was on shore, 
with nearly half of the ship's company, leaving the Florida in 
command of Lieut. Tliomas K. Porter, with about eighty men. 
Early in the morning of October 7th, the Florida was rammed 
and captured by the Wachusett, and was afterward sunk at 
her moorings, above Newport News, to which place she was 
towed. 

The Florida was the tirst of the Confederate steam ci'uisers 
built in England. Her dock-yard name was the Oreto, but was 
changed to the Florida when the vessel was put into commission 
as a warship. The vessel carried two seven-inch and four six- 
inch Blakely rifled guns. 

After the capture of the Florida Captain Morris went 
abroad, where he remained for iifteen years. Since that time 
he lived in Baltimore. 

With a brave and gallant character he combined a gentle and 
modest disposition, and by his bright, courteous and genial 
manner he greatly endeared himself to his fellow-members of 
the Cincinnati. 

William White Ramsay, was born in Cecil County, Md., 
April 13th, 1827, and died in Baltimore, Md., June 2d, 189,'i. 

He was the grandson of Lt.-Col. Nathaniel Ramsay, Third 
Regiment, INIaryland Continental Infantry, an orignal member 
of the Maryland Cincinnati ; and the son of William White 
Ramsay, elected a member of the Society in 1812 ; he himself 
succeeded his father in 1851. 



CINCINJ^ATI OF MARYLAND. 81 

William White Ramsay began his edvication at a school in 
Wilmington, Del., and completed it at the Nottingham Academy, 
Cecil County, Md. He then engaged in different mercantile 
pursuits at Wrightsville, Pa., Baltimore, Paducah, Ky., and 
Havre de Grace, Md. In 1862 he bought a farm on Thomas 
Run, in Harford County, where he lived for twenty-five years, 
then he sold his farm and spent the remainder of his days 
at Mt. Pleasant, near Havre de Grace. 

Honest in every impulse, a gentleman by birth and home 
tiaining. in physical stature and in the kindly elements of his 
cluiracter resembling his gallant grandsire, no one in any com- 
munity where he ever lived was more respected for his personal 
qualities than the last male member of the Maryland family 
bearing the name of Ramsay. 

Osceola Constantine Green, was born at "Rosedale" in 
Washington, D. C, March 11th, 1837, and died in Washington, 
D. C, June 17th, 1895. 

He was the grandson of Lt.-Col. Uriah Forrest, Seventh 
Regiment, Maryland Continental Infantry, an original member 
of the Maryland Cincinnati, and was elected a member of the 
Society in 1889. 

Osceola C. Green always resided in the District, and 
early in life he became identified with the business interests of 
Washington, and at the time of his death was Vice-President 
of the Franklin Insurance Company, Director in the Bank of 
the Republic, the Traders' Bank, the Washington Safe Deposit 
Company, the Metropolitan Railroad, and other local business 
oi'ganizations. He was also actively identified in the real estate 
business, which he entered upon more than a quarter of a cen- 
tury ago. 

A man of unquestioned probity of character, of high 
instinct, and of intense loyalty to his friends, he had gained 
for himself an enviable name. 

In all the numerous positions of trust to which he was 
called he was faithful, and in the minor details of daily life he 
was considerate, thoughtful, and full of regard for his fellow- 
men. In the termination of his career, his fellow-members of 
the Maryland Cincinnati will universally testify to his worth 
and to the loss occasioned by his death. 



82 ANNALS OF THE CINCINNATI OF MARYLAND. 

OFFICERS. 



February 22, 1897 



PRESIDENT, 

ROBERT MILLIGAN McLANE. 

VICE-PHESIDENT, 

OTHO HOLLAND WUJJAMS. 

SECRETARY, 

WILSON GARY McMENRY. 

TREASURER, 

RICHARD MEREDITH McSHERRY. 

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE, 

Tlie officers c.r officio tuifl the fnUoniug miinln'rx: 

JOHN STERETT (ilTriNGS, 

ALLAN McSHERRY, 

JAMES SWAN FRICK. 

TUUSTEES. 



WILLIAM HENRY DeCOURCY, 
JOHN STERETT GITflNOS. 

GENERAL SOCIETY. 



DELEGATES, 

OTHO HOLLAND WILLIAMS, 
WILLIAM HENRY DeCOURCY, 

OSWALD TILGHMAN, 
DANIEL MORGAN TAYLOR, 
JOHN STERETT GITTINGS. 

ALTERNATES, 

JOHN COLLINS DAVES, 

JAMES CEPHAS CRESAP, 

HENRY RANDALL WEBB, 

WILLIAM HENRY BALDWIN, 

WILLIAM MOYLAN LANSDALE. 

MEMBER OF THE STANDING EXECUTIVE COMMITrEE, 

OSWALD TILGHMAN. 



SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI OF MARYLAND. 



ORIGINAL AND HEREDITARY MEMBERS. 



The statement of rank is that which the original members appended to their 
signatures on tlie original and amended Institution, and according to which they 
contributed their month's pay to the fund of the Society. The names of members 

are placed alphaliotically and successionally ; w^here the surnames of the successore are 
not the same as their predecessors, they are inserted below them and in italics ; the 
surnames appear again in their alphabetical position, the propositus being placed after 
them and in italics. An asterisk (*) affixed to the names of original members shows 

that there is no evidence on the Treasurer's book that they contributed their month's 
pay to the Society. A <lagger (\) affixed to the names of members shows that 

they did not qualify in accordance with the financial I'ules of the Society. 



MONTHLY PAY- OF REVOLUTIONARY OFFICERS. 



Ensign , 

Lieutenant of Infantry, 
Lieutenant of Xavy, 
Captain-Lieutenant, 
Lieutenant of Artillery, 
Captain of Infantry, 
Captain of Artillery, 
Captain of Cavalry, 
Captain of Navy, 
Major of Infantry, 
Major of Artillery, 



$20.0(1 


Major of Cavalry, 




$62.45 


2H.(iO 


Lieutenant-Colonel of Infantrv, 


60.00 


liO.OO 


Lieutenant-Colonel of Artillerv, 


75.00 


33.30 


Colonel of Cavalry, 




93.67 


33.. 30 


Colonel of Inliintry, 




75.00 


40.00 


Colonel of Artillery, 




100.00 


50.00 


Brigadier-General , 




125.00 


50.00 


Major-General, 




166.00 


60.00 


Surgeon, 




60.00 


50.00 . 


Sm-geon's Mate, 




42.00 


02.45 


Chaplain, 




75.00 



84 



SOCIETY (IV THE CINCINNATI OF MARYLAND. 





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102 



SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI OF MARYLAND. 



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HONORARY MEMBERS. 103 



HONOHAUY MEMBERS. 



HIS EXGE1.IJ':NUV WILMAM PACA, Governor of Maryland, 
(8igued Original and Amended Institution) 

Klec'ted by Resolution of Novenilier 21', 17,S3. 

JKSSK DL'NCAN KI.LIOIT, Captain in tlie Navy, 

Elected by Kes-olution of July 4, ISls. 

Till-; IIONOKAIU.K CllAKLKS e'AHKOl.I. of Carrollton, 

Electeil by Resolution of July 4, 1S28. 

CuI.ONKI, (TE(ll;(il-: ]•:. .MITCUIKI.L, Elected by Resolution of July 4, is:!l. 

COI.ONKL NATHAN TOWSON, Elected bv Ke.solution of Julv 4, ISol. 



Members of the sister Ulate Oocieties who altendtd the iii'iliiu/s uj Ihc MdniUiinl Slxl,- Surlrli/ 
and Here noted ojj present ; 

JiLV 5, 1784. 
CAFIWIN JOHN COATES, of the Pennsylvania State Society. 
LIEL'TEXANT JOHN JORDAN, of the Virginia State Society. 
CAPTAIN CrSTIS KENDALL, of the \irginia State Society. 
MAJOR JOHN POULSON, of the Virginia State Society. 

November 14, 1792. 
CURTAIN D.\NIEL COX, of the Delaware State Society. 

April 13, 180.5. 
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL HENRY MILLER, 

of the Pennsylvania State Society. 



104 



SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI OF MARYLAND. 



PRESENl MEMBERS. 



1854. 
1858. 
1867. 
1868. 
1869. 
1873. 
1874. 
1875. 
1881. 
1881. 
1881. 
1882. 
1882. 
1882. 
1884. 
1886. 
1886. 
1886. 

1S,S7. 
1888. 

188S. 
1.S88. 

1889. 
1890. 
1890. 
1890. 

1892. 
l.s<J2. 
1.S94. 
1896. 
1896. 
1897. 



WILLIAM DENNY, Towson, Md. 

HON. ROBERT MILLIGAN McLANE, 44 South Street, Baltimore, Md. 

OTHO HOLLAND WILLIAMS, 609 Park Avenue, Baltimore, Md. 

JAMES LATIMER McLANE, 903 Cathedral Street, Baltimore, Md. 

STEPHENS CALHOUN SMITH, 100 W. 92d Street, New York, N. Y. 

WILLIAM HENRY DECOURCY,M.D.,Carmichael, Md. 

LOUIS McLANE, 1101 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Md. 

RICHARD MEREDITH McSHERRY, 23 W. Franklin Street, Baltimore, Md. 



HENRY RIEMAN DUVAL, 
JAMES SWAN FRICK, 
JOHN JAMES BEALL, 
HON. OSWALD TILGHMAN, 
WILSON CARY McHENRY, 
HENRY CLINTON McSHERRY, 
WILLIAM LEEDS DONE, 
ALLAN McSHERRY, 
AGUSTIN De YTURBIDE, 



32 Liberty Street, New York, N. Y. 

126 W. Franklin Street, Baltimore, Md. 

1670 31st Street, Washington, D. C. 

Easton, Md. 

Pikesville, Md. 

612 N. Howard Street, Baltimore, Md. 

Xorcross Building, Atlanta, Ga. 

612 X. Howard Street, Baltimore, Md. 

P. O. Box 175, Washington, D. C. 



CAPT. HENRY CLAY TAYLOR, U. S. N., 

Care of Navy Dep't, Washington, D. 0. 

HENRY RANDALL WEBB, 918 F Street, Washington, D. C. 

CAPT. DANIEL MORGAN TAYLOR, U. S. A., 

Augusta Arsenal, Augusta, Ga. 

JOHN STERErr GITTINGS, Fayette and North Sts., Baltimore, Md. 

JUDGE SOMERVILLE PINKNEY TUCK, 

Mansourali, Lower Egypt. 

JOHN COLLINS DAVKS, 2010 Maryland Avenue, Baltimore, Md. 

JOHN McHENRY, Pikesville, Md. 

CHARLES SYDNEY WINDER, Tunis Mills, Md. 

LIEUT. JAMES CEPHAS CRESAP, U. S. N., 

Navy Y^ard, Norfolk, Va. 

WILLIAM HENRY BALDWIN, 



JAMES MORRIS HOWARD, 
LARZ ANDERSON, 
WILLIAM MOYLAN LAXSDALE, 
CHARLES WILSON HANDY, 
THOMAS EDWARD SEARS, M. D., 



717 Park Avenue, Baltimore, Md. 

Gwynbrook, Md. 

U. S. Embassy, Rome, Italy. 

709 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 

610 13th Street, Washington, D. C. 

658 W. Franklin Street, Baltimore, Md. 



PAST AND PRESENT OFFICERS. 



OFFICERS OF THE MARYLAND SOCIETY 



105 



PRESIDENTS. 



17S3. WILLIAM SMALLWOOD. 

1792. OTHO HOLLAND WILLIAMS. 

1795. JOHN HOSKINS STONE. 

1804. JOHN EAGER HOWARD. 

1828. SAMUEL SMITH. 

1839. GASSAWAY WATKINS. 

1841. JOHN SPEAR SMITH. 

1867. TENCH TILGHMAN. 

1875. WILLIAM SMITH WILLIAMS. 

1885. ROBERT MILLIGAN McLANE. 

VICE-PRESIDENTS. 

1783. MORDECAI GIST. 

1784. WILLIAM PACA. 

1787. OTHO HOLLAND WILLIAMS. 

1792. JOHN HOSKINS STONE. 

1795. JOHN EAGER HOWARD. 

1804. SAMUEL SMITH. 

1828. PHILIP REED. 

1831. GASSAWAY WATKINS. 

1839. JOHN SPEAR SMITH, 

1841. JOHN NELSON. 

1860. C. C. JAMISON. 

1864. TENCH TILGHMAN. 

1867. WILLIAM SMITH WaLLIAMS. 

1875. AUGUSTUS H. KILTY. 

1880. ROBERT MILLIGAN McLANE. 

1885. OTHO HOLLAND WILLIAMS. 



106 SOCIETY OF THE CINCINIvATI OF MAIiVI.AXD. 



SECRETARIES. 

17S3. OTIKI HOLLAND \VlLLL\ilS. 

1784. .TOHX KILTY. 

ITSS. ROBERT DENNY. 

1813. JOHN EAGER HOWAKP. .Ti;. 

1.S23. WILLIAM BEDFORD BARNI^Y. 

1837. C. C. JAMISON. 

I860. WILLIAM CARVEL HALL. 

ISfifi. PHILIP GEORGE REED. 

1X70. RICHARD IRVING MANNIN(i. 

1S7!). RICHARD MEREDITH McSHERRY. 

isso. JAMES LATIMER McLAXE. 

ISSH. WIIiJON CARY McHENRY. 



TREASURERS. 

1783. NATHANIEL RAMSAY. 

1786. CHRISTOPHER RICH.MOND. 

1795. ROBERT DENNY. 

1S13. .JOHN EAGER HOWARD, Jr. 

182S. SAMUEL SMITH. 

1S3'J. .lOIlX SPEAR SMITH. 

1847. C. C. JAMISON. 

lS(i4, WILLIAM DOUGLAS JAMISON. 

1806. WILTJAM CARVF.L HALL. 

1877. RICHARD .MEREDITH McSHERRY. 



ASSISTANT TREASURER. 
1783. .lOHN ECCLESTON. 



I'AST AND I'KESENT OFFICERS. 



107 



rnv.sTEpys. 



1790. JOHN KAGER IIOWAKD, 
•lOHN IIOSKIXS STONE, 

I.SOI. .loHN EAGER HOWARD, 

1822. JOHN EAGER HOWARD, 

1825. JOHN EAGER HOWARD, 

1828. JOHN SPEAR SMITH, 

1S:W. JOHN SPEAR S>nTIl, 

1839. BENEDICT Wl 1.1.1 AM 1 1 ALL, 

1843. WILLIAM SMITH WILLIAMS, 

1880. WILLIAM SMITH WILLIAMS, 

18S:!. WILLIA.M SMITH WILLIAMS, 

188.5. JAMES HOWARD McHENRY, 

1889. WILLIAM HENRY DKCOrRCY, 



JOHN KILTY. 
JOHN DAYIDSON. 
JOHN SWAN. 
JOHN STRICKER. 
JOHN SPEAR SMITH. 
JOHN STRICKER. 
BENEDICT WILLIA.M HALL. 
JOHN NELSON. 
I;AMSAY McHENRY. 
JAMES HINDMAN BARNEY. 
JAMES HOWARD McHENRY. 
WILLIAM HENRY DeCOURCY. 
.JOHN STERETT GITTINGS. 



?:XECl ri 1 'E COMMITTEE. 



1890. ROBERT MILLIGAN McLANE. 

1890. OTHO HOLLAND WILLI.^MS. 

1890. WILSON GARY McHENRY. 

ISiiO. RICHARD MEREDITH McSHERRY. 

1890. EDWARD GRAHAM DA YES. 

1890. JOHN STERETT GITriNGS. 

1890. ALLAN McSHERRY. 

iwi:,. ja>h:s swan frick. 



108 SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI. 



OFFICERS OF THE GENERAL SOCIETY. 



PRESIDENTH-GENERAL. 

1783. GEORGE WASHINGTON of Miginia. 
1800. ALEXANDER HAMILTON of New York. 

1805. CHARLES COTES WORTH PINCKNEY of South Carolina. 

1825. THOMAS PINCKNEY of South Carolina. 

1829. AARON OGDEN of New Jersey. 

1839. MORGAN LEWIS of New York! 

1844. WILLIAM POPHAM of New York. 

1848. HENRY ALEXANDER SCAMMELL DEARBORN of Massachusetts. 

1854. HAMILTON FISH of New York. 

189G. WILLIAM WAYNE of Pennsylvania. 

VICE-PRESIOENIS-GENERAL. 

1784. HORATIO GATES of \'irgima. 
1787. THOMAS MIFFLIN of Pennsylvania. 

1799. ALEXANDER HAMILTON of New York. 

1800. CHARLES COTESWORTH PINCKNEY of South Carolina. 
1805. HENRY KNOX of Massachusetts. 

1811. JOHN BROOKS of Massachusetts. 

1825. AARON OGDEN of New Jersey. 

1829. MORGAN LEWIS of New York. 

1839. WILLIAM SHUTE of New Jereey. 

1844. HORACE BINNEY of Pennsylvania. 

1848. HAMILTON FISH of New York. 

1854. CHARLES STEWART DAVEIS of Massachusetts. 

1866. JAMES WARREN SE^'ER of Massachusetts. 

1872. JAMES SIMONS of South Carolina. 

1881. WILLI.IM ARMSTRONG IRVINE of Pennsylvania. 

1887. ROBERT MILLIGAN McLANE of Maryland. 

1896. WINSLOW WARREN of Massachusetts. 

SECRETARIES-GENERAL. 

1783. HENRY KNOX of Massachusetts. 

1799. WILLIAM JACKSON of Pennsylvania. 

1829. ALEXANDER W. JOHNSTON of Pennsylvania. 

1857. THOMAS McEUEN of Pennsylvania. 

1875. GEORGE WASHINGTON HARRIS of Pennsylvania. 

1884. ASA BIRD GARDINER of Rhode Island. 



PAST AND PRESENT OFFICERS. 109 



AS.SISrA .XT SEVRKTA RIES-GENERA I.. 

1784. OTHO HOLLAND WILUAMS of Maryland. 

1787. GEORGE TURNER of South Carolina. 

1790. WILLLVM McPHERSON of Pennsylvania. 

179SI. NATHAN DORSEY of Penasylvania. 

1802. WILLIAM DENT BRALL of Marylaml. 

182;"). JOHN MARKLAND of Pennsylvania. 

1829. THOMAS McEUEN of Pennsylvania. 

1857. GEORGE WASHINGTON HARRIS of Pennsylvania. 

1875. RICHARD IRVING MANNING of Maryland. 

1890. THOMAS PINCKNEY LOWNDES of South Carolina. 

1896. NICHOLAS FISH ol New York. 

TREA.SURERS-GKXERAL. 

178:!. ALEXANDER McDOUGALL of New York. 

1796. WILLIAM JACKSON of Pennsylvania. 

1799. WILLIAM MrPHER^ON of Pennsylvania. 

1825. ALL.\N McLANE of Pennsylvania. 

1832. JOHN M.\RKLAND of Pennsylvania. 

1838. JOSEPH WARREN SCOTT of New Jersey. 

1872. TENCH TILGHMAN of Mmyland. 

1875. ALEXANDER HAMILTON, Jr. of New York. 

1881. JOHN SCHUYLER of New York. 

1896. RICHARD MEREDITH .MiSHERRY of Maryland. 

ASSISTANT TREASURERS-GENERAL. 

1825. ALEXANDER W. JOHNSTON of Pennsylvania. 

1829. JOHN MARKLAND of Pennsylvania. 

1832. JOSEPH WARREN SCOTT of New Jereey. 

1838. WILLIAM JACKSON of Pennsylvania. 

1851. JOHN H. MARKLAND of Pennsylvania. 

1863. JOHN McDowell of New Jersey. 

1872. WILLIAM BERRIEN DAYTON of New Jersey. 

1881. HERAL\N BURGIN of New Jei-sey. 

1893. HENRY THAYER DROWNE of Rhode Island. 



110 SOCIETY OF THE 

MEMBERS OF THE 
SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI IN FRANCE. 



1783-1793. 



Lieutenant-General le Comte ile Kochanibeau. 

Le Chevalier de la Luzerne, Ministre Plenipotentiaire. 

I^ Seigneur Gerard, Ministre Plenipotentiaire. 

Lieutenant-General le Baron deVionienil. 

I-/e Conite d' Estaing. 

Le Conite de Ibarras. 

Le Comte de Vionie^nil. 

Le Conite de Saint-Simon. 

Le Comte de Custines. 

Le Conite de Grasse. 

Le Chevalier Destouches. 

Le Chevalier de Chastellux. 

Mar^chal de Camp de Choisy. 

Marechal de Camp de Beville. 

Le Due de Lauzun. 

Le Due de LavaL 

Le Comte d' Autichamp. 

Le Marquis de Kostaing. 

Desaudroiiins, Brigadier en Amerique. 

D' Aboville, Brigadier en Amerique. 

La N'alette, Brigadier en Amerique. 

Le Comte de Stfgur. 

Le Comte de Fersen. 

Le Comte de Damas*. 

Colonel Comte Cliretin des Deux I*ont.«. 

Colonel Marquis de Saint Maime. 

Colonel Comte de Poudens. 
M. de Tarle, Intendant de 1' Arinee. 

Colonel Vicomte d' Arrot. 

Colonel Vicomte de Rochambeau. 

Colonel Comte Guillaume des Deux Ponts. 

Colonel Vifoiiite de Noailles. 

Colonel (jouvion. 

Le Prince <le Broglie. 

Colonel Comte Flechin. 

Colonel Comte de Chai-lu.s. 

Colonel Comte Robert Dillon. 

Querenet de la Combe des Ing(?nieins. 

M. Scheldon. 



CINCINNATI IN I'UANCE. 



Le Comtc de Vaubau. 

Le Comte de Bouf^ainville. 

r^ Conite (le I>eilancoui't. 

I^ Marquis de Cliaiiipcenets. 

Le Baron de 1' Kstrade. 

Le Clievalier de Lanieth. 

M. de IMenouville. 

Le Baron de f^aint-Siinon. 

M. de Montesquieu. 

M. de McMahon. 

Le Uomte de lA)ncenil. 

Le Comte de Chabannes. 

M. d' Anselme. 

M. de Kicey. 

M. Lynoli. 

M. Goulet de la Tour. 

Le Chevalier de 1' Eguille. 

Le Chevalier du Quesne. 

Le Chevalier Maulevrier. 

Le Chevalier de Vallongue. 

1^ Chevalier de la Peroase. 

I^e Colonel O'Moran. 

Le Baron de Choin. 

Le Marquis du Bouchel. 

Le Marquis de Bouill^. 

Le Marquis de la Galissoniere. 

Le Chevalier de Braxe. 

Le Chevalier de Mirabeau. 

Le Vicomte d' Osmond. 

Le Chevalier de Tarle. 

Le Baron d' Eseljeck. 

Le \'icomte de Vaudreuil. 

Le Vicomte de Fleury. 

\m Marquis de Montniorl. 

Le Comte de Sonneville. 

Le Comte de la Touche. 

I^ Comte de Kergariou. 

Le Comte de Trevalais. 

I* Conite de Capellis. 

Le Conite Kdouard Dillon. 

I^ Maniuis d' Hervilly. 

I-e Marquis de Fonteiiilles. 

Le Comte de Fontange. 

Le Comte Henri de St. Simon. 

Le Vicomte de Ponteves, 

Le Marquis de Tiaversay. 



Ill 



11 



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